Tape 14, 2000 April

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-	In your program will agree to that.	0:00
	So at this time, Joanne will make the official presentation.	0:02
-	I am very pleased to present this award	0:12
	to Bob Moses, my friend and comrade	0:16
	and to the Algebra Project.	0:20
	And I'd like everybody who's connected	0:23
	with the Algebra Project to stand up and	0:25
	accept a round of applause.	0:28
	(applause)	0:32
	Thank you.	0:47
	This award is the Ella J Baker Award	0:49
	for Service to the Community.	0:54
	And it's presented by my publisher, John Wiley & Sons,	0:56
	who published Ella Baker: Freedom Bound,	1:01
	my biography of Ella Baker.	1:04
	The chairman of the board of John Wiley	1:07
	was very eager to present this award	1:11
	because he once met Ella Baker at a meeting	1:16
	in New York many years ago and he was so impressed by her	1:19
	that when the book came out, he was really glad	1:24
	to be able to present this award.	1:28
	Bob and his wife Janet founded the Algebra Project in 1982.	1:32
	And I just wanted to read you a very short statement	1:40
	that's from the Harvard Educational Review	1:43
	about the project.	1:45
	The project relies on the Mississippi organizing	1:49
	tradition and Ella Baker's techniques	1:54
	as a matter of fact, this article	1:58
	is entitled "Organizing in the Spirit of Ella".	2:00
	The Algebra Project emphasizes the centrality	2:05
	of families to the work of organizing.	2:10
	The empowerment of grass roots people	2:14
	and their recruitment for leadership,	2:16
	and the principle of casting down your bucket where you are	2:19
	and organizing in the context in which one lives and works.	2:24
	So I'm very pleased to present this check	2:32
	to Bob Moses and the Algebra Project.	2:36
	(applause)	2:39
	Well, I wanted to try and talk without the mic	3:10
	cause I'm not gonna talk a lot.	3:11
	When Joanne and Jackie organized an event	3:17
	for Ella while she was still alive,	3:21
	they asked me if I would introduce her.	3:26
	So when we got up on the podium,	3:28
	Ella turned to me and said,	3:32
	well, they got us up here where they put all the others.	3:34
	(laughter)	3:38
	So I've been thinking of how to do this,	3:47
	or what we could do to respect what we are doing here	3:50
	and Ella, and this morning when I was introduced,	3:57
	Jackie said she wanted to introduce one of Ella's children.	4:03
	And so what I thought we could do now	4:09
	is, and Mrs. Gray did something wonderful	4:12
	for us this morning when she asked us	4:16
	to call out the names of people that had gone	4:18
	before us who helped prepare the way for us.	4:23
	And so Ella's legacy is her children,	4:28
	and I was wondering if we couldn't, one by one,	4:32
	anyone here who recognize him or herself	4:36
	as one of Ella's children, one by one,	4:41
	just stand up and say your name for us.	4:45
	And give flesh and blood and spirit to Ella's legacy.	4:49
	My name is Bob Moses.	4:56
	My name is Joanne Grant.	4:59
Off Screen Male	Curtis Mohammad.	5:01
-	[Second Off Screen Male] Laurence Gina.	5:02
-	[Off Screen Female] Joyce Ladner.	5:03
3rd Male Voice	Derrick Jones.	5:04
4th Male Voice	Reggie Robinson.	5:05
5th Male Voice	Avon Rollins.	5:07
6th Male Voice	Michael Jones.	5:08
7th Male Voice	Marion Barry.	5:09
	(crowd calling out names)	5:10
	(applause)	5:41
-	Next we would like to recognize Diane Nash.	6:04
	Where'd she go?	6:08
	Oh, here she is.	6:12
	We'd just like to recognize Diane as a founder	6:15
	of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.	6:21
	The woman who set the standard	6:25
	for all the women who followed her.	6:27
	In terms of courage, thoughfulness, militance, and kindness.	6:30
	Now, Diane, we got rid of all the concrete reward	6:38
	when we thought you weren't coming.	6:42
	(laughter)	6:43
	So, we have a song for you from Mrs. Betty Fykes.	6:45
	(applause)	6:51
	♪ I've been in the storm ♪	7:11
	♪ So long ♪	7:16
	♪ I've been in the storm ♪	7:22
	♪ So long ♪	7:27
	♪ I've been in the storm ♪	7:32
	♪ So long ♪	7:38
	♪ But I'm trying to make heaven my home ♪	7:42
	♪ This is a needed time ♪	7:53
	♪ This is a needed time ♪	8:03
	♪ This is a needed time ♪	8:13
	♪ But I'm trying to make heaven my home ♪	8:21
	♪ Lord mend my wicked ways ♪	8:30
	♪ Lord mend my wicked ways ♪	8:39
	♪ Lord mend my wicked ways ♪	8:48
	♪ And give me more time to pray ♪	8:57
	(applause and cheering)	9:09
-	That was just beautiful, thank you so much for that Betty.	9:30
	And the beauty of the music and the spirit and the love	9:33
	with which the award was presented.	9:40
	The spirit and the love with which that award was presented	9:45
	is worth much more than money.	9:49
	(applause)	9:52
-	Okay, next, is Ed Brown here?	10:06
	While he's coming, I also want to mention that	10:14
	the statement that you read in support of Jamil	10:19
	was originally written by Mike Thelwell	10:25
	and Saint Clairborne and Bill Strickland	10:31
	and I sort of formed a committee	10:33
	where we got it together and sent it off.	10:36
	So we're asking Ed Brown, his brother, to say a few words.	10:41
	(applause)	10:45
-	Good afternoon.	11:08
Crowd	Good afternoon.	11:09
-	Let me say how wonderful it is to be here	11:11
	with all you young people.	11:13
	(laughter)	11:14
	There are some of you who are young.	11:17
	The others, well I lied.	11:18
	(laughter)	11:21
	Let me begin by extending to you	11:25
	the heartfelt gratitude and shalams	11:29
	of my brother, Jamil Al-Amin.	11:33
	Most of you may know him as H. Rap Brown.	11:36
	(applause)	11:39
	In his own words, he would like for me to greet you	11:45
	in the way in which Muslims greet each other	11:48
	and say to you Assalamu alaikum.	11:53
Crowd	Assalamu alaikum.	11:55
-	Jamil, at this point in time,	11:58
	has been incarcerated in the Montgomery County jail.	11:59
	He is awaiting an extradition hearing	12:05
	that will take place on the 21st of April.	12:08
	At which point in time, he will	12:12
	probably be transferred back to Georgia.	12:13
	Let me just tell you that Jamil	12:19
	does not want you or me or anyone	12:21
	to feel down or depressed about his situation.	12:25
	Jamil is a fighter, and he will continue to fight	12:30
	in relationship to these charges	12:36
	that have been placed against him.	12:39
	He is in good health, he was not wounded	12:41
	as was reported by the press.	12:45
	And there are many other kinds of things	12:48
	that have been reported by the press,	12:50
	which you should certainly suspend belief in.	12:52
	Because they have no foundation in fact.	12:56
	There has been a deliberate attempt,	12:59
	in terms of demonizing him, and reducing his humanity.	13:01
	For those of you who know him, you will know	13:06
	that many of the allegations that have been leveled at him	13:10
	are not part of his character.	13:14
	He said to me, because I have not	13:17
	had a chance to talk to him in a manner	13:19
	which is conducive for us to have privacy,	13:22
	he said to me, he said, don't worry.	13:26
	The truth will come.	13:30
	He says truth crushed to earth will rise again.	13:32
	(crowd murmuring agreement)	13:35
	So I want you to understand that	13:36
	you're not looking at someone who is by any means, defeated.	13:39
	They have touched a rock, and they do not know what kind	13:45
	of fight they have on their hands in this situation.	13:49
	I feel that, and he feels that,	13:54
	the struggle continues, it will continue.	13:58
	Around his case it will continue.	14:01
	In terms of requests that people have made of me	14:04
	about things that they can do.	14:07
	The first thing is that you can offer him your prayers.	14:09
	And he does not take that lightly,	14:13
	as being a religious person.	14:16
	The second thing that we have to do	14:18
	is that we have to begin to educate	14:20
	people about who is Jamil Al-Amin?	14:22
	Who is H. Rap Brown?	14:25
	We have to repair and restore his humanity.	14:26
	We have to see him as the multi-dimensional person he is.	14:30
	And basically debunk the kinds of charges	14:35
	that have been made against him that he is simply,	14:39
	quote "A Black Panther" unquote,	14:41
	or he is quote "A Cop Killer" unquote.	14:45
	Jamil has, if you know him, and those	14:51
	of you who worked with him in the movement,	14:54
	was courageous and untiring in his efforts	14:56
	in relationship to the cause in which he believed.	15:02
	He simply brings that also to what	15:05
	he sees as his mission now.	15:07
	Which is the building of an Islamic community	15:09
	in the United States.	15:11
	The second thing that we can do is	15:14
	that we can build support committees for Jamil.	15:17
	And that becomes important to insure	15:21
	that we try and create a balanced kind of atmosphere	15:23
	and eradicate some of the poison	15:28
	that has been placed in the atmosphere	15:30
	by the unfair, overwhelming negative coverage	15:32
	that has been given to him.	15:36
	The third thing that we can do obviously	15:39
	is that those of who us, are inclined,	15:41
	and would like to basically be supporters of his	15:44
	in terms of financial contributions,	15:47
	there is a defense fund.	15:50
	There is a leaflet that will be available to you,	15:52
	which talks about where you can mail	15:56
	whatever contribution you so choose to make.	15:58
	I won't take up any more of your time	16:02
	with regard to that other than to say:	16:05
	we are involved, and continue to be involved,	16:14
	in a struggle.	16:19
	It's not an ending struggle.	16:21
	We sometimes forget about the fact,	16:23
	or we pause and believe that somehow	16:27
	that struggle has come to an end.	16:29
	It doesn't come to an end until we die.	16:31
	As long as there's one person who's oppressed,	16:35
	we're involved in a struggle.	16:37
	As long as there's one person who is needed,	16:39
	who is needed, we're involved in a struggle.	16:42
	As long as justice is denied to anyone,	16:45
	justice is denied to us all,	16:47
	and we're involved in a struggle.	16:50
	The only thing that I can tell you	16:52
	in terms of Jamil Al-Amin is that struggle continues.	16:53
	Thank you.	16:56
	(applause)	16:57
	Allow me one moment, because I am remiss here.	17:05
	I have to do one thing.	17:08
	I really do appreciate the statement	17:10
	that was drawn by you and read earlier.	17:13
	And I will take it to him and share it with him.	17:18
	I'd like to especially single out Michael Thelwell,	17:21
	because as I understand it, he labored long and hard	17:25
	in putting together The Struggle.	17:28
	I understand that it was 600 pages.	17:30
	(laughter)	17:32
	So therefore, I not only thank Michael Thelwell,	17:43
	I thank the editors as well.	17:47
	(laughter and applause)	17:49
	Those of you who haven't received the statement,	18:01
	it's here at the head table as is a pad	18:03
	for anybody to sign who wants to do that.	18:06
	I'm gonna do a couple of housekeeping things	18:09
	while the people from the Walking Wounded Project	18:11
	come forward to make their short presentation.	18:16
	The panels this afternoon, which we hope to start	18:25
	shortly after 3:30, you might want to take out	18:27
	your pen and pencils because we've been,	18:32
	again scrambling for rooms	18:35
	to accommodate the size of this gathering.	18:37
	Alright, ah ha, I don't have it.	18:43
-	People are beginning to get up and move.	18:56
	Could we ask people to just have a minute	18:58
	of silent prayer for Brother Al-Amin's part right now?	19:01
	Because that was one of the things he asked us to do.	19:04
-	Oh, okay.	19:06
	There's been a request for a moment of prayer	19:07
	for Al-Amin, so if we could have one moment	19:11
	and then we'll go on with the rest, alright.	19:16
	Thank you.	19:50
	I'm gonna read very quickly where	19:54
	the panels are located this afternoon.	19:57
	Black and white together, and I'm gonna do fast now,	20:00
	with Ann Braden, Jim Foreman, and Zahara Simmons,	20:04
	in the Estey Hall Auditorium.	20:06
	A Discussion of Ain't Scared of Your Jails	20:09
	with Diane Nash, Reggie Robinson, and Bob Zellner	20:12
	will be in the C2 in the convention center.	20:16
	With Bob Zellner as the moderator,	20:22
	Tim Jenkins is the moderator on the first one.	20:24
	The Media, 60s and Now, the third panel	20:27
	will be in the convention center D2,	20:29
	with Julian Bond, Doris Derby, and Dottie Zellner.	20:32
	Organizing Student Movements Today, D3,	20:36
	MacArthur Cotton, Dave Dennis, Hollis Watkins,	20:41
	Sekou Franklin, Deidre Edwards, and Susan Glisson.	20:45
	Teaching the Movement in the Primary Grade	20:49
	will be conducted by Maggie Donovan	20:52
	in the Ennis Room of Estey Hall.	20:55
	Contemporary Organizing: Combining Labor with Communities	20:58
	with Curtis Hayes Mohammad, Pat Bryant, and Charles Insley	21:02
	will be in the Estey Conference room.	21:07
	The Sit-in Movement, these are heck panels here, boy.	21:11
	Deon Diamond, Charles Jones, Avon Rollins, Frank Smith,	21:15
	and Virginius Thornton will be	21:20
	at the Convention Center in E2.	21:22
	Organizing in Alabama with Eric Jones, Janet Moses,	21:25
	Cleave Sellers, will be in E3.	21:32
	How Do We Get to the Just Society?	21:37
	With Casey Hayden, James Lawson, Bob Moses	21:40
	in C1 in the Convention Center.	21:45
	Gender and Democratic Movements,	21:48
	Victoria Gray and Gloria Richardson.	21:51
	(laughter)	21:57
Offscreen Male	Where will that be?	21:59
-	Oh, I'm sorry in E1 in the Convention Center.	22:00
	The film Freedom Song will be shown	22:07
	in Room B in the Convention Center with discussants	22:12
	Dorie Ladner, June Johnson, Chuck Mcdew, and Brenda Travis,	22:17
	all people who are featured in this film	22:24
	directly or indirectly I understand.	22:26
	Teaching in the Spirit of Ms. Baker:	22:28
	The Algebra Project and the Freedom Rides	22:31
	will be in the Convention Center in E4.	22:33
	Freedom Schools: Then and Now	22:37
	with Charlie Cobb and Mary Lane	22:40
	in E5 in the Convention Center.	22:44
	And Teaching the Movement: What Do Our Students Get From It?	22:48
	Will be in the snack bar out here.	22:52
	We ran out of rooms.	22:54
	With John Dittmer, Timothy Tyson, and myself.	22:56
	Tomorrow.	23:03
	I totally lost it.	23:08
Crowd	Tonight, what about tonight?	23:09
-	Everything else is...	23:12
	The book signing's in The William Gary Student Center	23:15
	from five to six.	23:21
	And then there's a freedom walk that begins	23:24
	at the Sheraton Hotel at seven and the...	23:27
Male Voice	Is that canceled?	23:31
	Last night they said that was canceled.	23:32
-	Is it canceled?	23:33
	Oh I'm sorry, it was canceled.	23:34
	Then at 8:00, the cultural evening with a wonderful concert	23:36
	by the SNCC Freedom Singers	23:40
	will be at St. Peters AME Church.	23:42
	St. Paul's.	23:46
	Some say Peter, and some say Paul.	23:48
	(laughter)	23:52
	Where is it?	23:56
	(crowd chatting)	23:58
	Where is the Walking Wounded?	24:10
	Quickly, so we can...	24:12
	Come on.	24:15
Female Voice	Where is the church?	24:18
Male Voice	Edenton and Harrington Street.	24:23
-	Edenton and Harrington Streets.	24:26
	You should have a map in your packets.	24:35
	Can we have your attention for one more presentation please.	24:55
	Could you hold down one minute please?	25:05
	We're not finished.	25:07
-	My name is Wazir Peacock,	25:14
	some know me as Willie B Peacock.	25:15
	Whichever you can think of will do.	25:17
	I'm here, this is not gonna be a long talk.	25:21
	I'm really making this presentation to some key people here.	25:23
	And, you know, not really leaving anyone out,	25:27
	but Tim Jenkins made a referral	25:31
	to what we're trying to really deal with,	25:35
	and that is many of us who were part of that legacy	25:38
	of Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee,	25:43
	SCLC, and CUA, NAACP, who worked out in the field,	25:46
	and really became close comrades in arms	25:51
	and did many things and experiences together.	25:54
	You hear of such things as you walk through the halls	25:57
	since you've been here, people, oh	25:59
	I haven't seen you in 35 years.	26:01
	Man, I'm really glad to hear you.	26:04
	Oh, your brother passed, man, that was three years ago.	26:05
	Many people don't even know anything about that.	26:08
	My brother was a part of the Freedom Singers.	26:10
	What I'm trying to say is that we,	26:12
	on the West Coast, we've identified about 60 people	26:14
	that live out there that we could identify	26:18
	as walking wounded that have many needs,	26:21
	psychologically and physically ill,	26:24
	and spiritual, depression.	26:27
	And we decided we would come together	26:31
	and form a committee that made up such people	26:33
	as Jean Wiley, myself, and Betita, some of you know	26:38
	as Elizabeth Sutherland Martinez,	26:43
	and Mary Lovelace O'Neal and Mike Miller and so on.	26:48
	I've passed out some of the proposals that we've drafted,	27:00
	which will become the application	27:05
	that we made to the Tithes Foundation,	27:11
	we're gonna make to the Tithes Foundation.	27:12
	To receive tax exempt funds to begin	27:15
	to, not bring together money, but a staff of us	27:19
	to go around and bring together	27:28
	some type of identifying of those people	27:29
	that worked with us so closely and are in dire need of help.	27:34
	So if they are, sinking so low that they are not,	27:39
	don't have the willingness or the energy	27:45
	to access these resources that already exist,	27:47
	that we can be friends and start communication	27:54
	with each other to begin to heal ourselves	27:57
	and that kind of thing.	28:02
	So this is what the, the gist of what	28:05
	the Walking Wounded Program is all about.	28:08
	Many people that was on the committee	28:10
	that when we were forming that word,	28:12
	they don't like that name, so we've got two things.	28:14
	The Veterans of the Civil Rights Movement	28:17
	or The Walking Wounded of the Civil Rights Movement.	28:19
	But anyway, nobody's going to volunteer	28:22
	and come together and heal us.	28:24
	We're gonna have to heal ourselves.	28:26
	We're gonna have to write our own history	28:28
	the way we want it written.	28:30
	And we're gonna have to exhibit	28:32
	the archival stuff in the places	28:36
	and things where we want them.	28:38
	And as many of us, that are still alive,	28:40
	and so disjointed so far as being in contact	28:45
	with each other, that's very bad,	28:51
	I don't know if we think we've got forever to live here	28:53
	that one of these days, after a while,	28:57
	we're going to just, we're gonna	28:58
	be in touch with each other.	29:00
	When we get the resources, when	29:01
	we get rich or something, you know.	29:03
	But we could put out a, we could write each other.	29:05
	We could form, where in the states where we have	29:07
	at least three to five people,	29:11
	we could form ourselves a committee	29:14
	to make sure we are in touch with people,	29:16
	the rest of us in other states,	29:20
	and out of the country, wherever we are,	29:22
	so that we can form a tight unit and maybe	29:25
	start that as a project to try to restore	29:28
	and make healthy again the beloved community	29:34
	and expand that internationally as we set out to do.	29:38
	So you will see me walking around here,	29:42
	I don't intend to leave anybody out,	29:45
	but I want to make sure those of us	29:48
	who have this work to do are	29:50
	bringing ourselves back together.	29:52
	Get this proposal that we formulated	29:54
	to begin our work of doing that.	30:02
	Some of you I've already given this to.	30:05
	And at this time, we have developed a type of website,	30:09
	I'm gonna let Betita talk about that to you.	30:14
	Thank you.	30:18
	(applause)	30:21
	Just two minutes okay.	30:26
	As my brother here was explaining,	30:29
	Veterans of the Civil Rights Movement,	30:32
	we don't have a Veteran's Administration	30:33
	to take care of folks.	30:35
	There's all kinds of groups, the Veterans	30:36
	of the Spanish Civil War, the Lincoln Brigade,	30:38
	they've got an organization.	30:40
	World War II Veterans have an organization.	30:41
	People in other struggles have organizations.	30:43
	There is none for the Veterans of the Civil Rights Movement.	30:45
	So that's the idea here.	30:48
	And we're calling it the Veterans	30:50
	of the Civil Rights Movement Project,	30:51
	or if you like to say Walking Wounded,	30:53
	because some people definitely are.	30:55
	The website is a major tool of this project.	30:57
	And I'm gonna just talk two minutes	31:00
	about what is on that website, which is up now,	31:02
	if anybody wants to write it down,	31:05
	it's www.crmvet.org.	31:06
Crowd	Can you do it again?	31:13
-	Alright, (foreign language)	31:14
	www.crmvet Civil Rights Movement Veterans, right.	31:17
	.org.	31:24
	And there'll be some interest in it,	31:26
	I think, also for young folks.	31:28
	Not just for the older wounded.	31:29
	I'll get to the reason for that in a minute.	31:31
Male Voice	Does the vet have s on it?	31:34
-	No, just vet.	31:35
	Yeah, www.crm .crmvet.org.	31:36
	So that's the website, it is up and running.	31:45
	It's just started and has three sections.	31:47
	Three sections, four sections.	31:50
	One is a section that I think	31:52
	will be of interest to everybody,	31:54
	which is what we're calling the Veteran Section.	31:56
	It's where we're asking people	31:58
	to post information about themselves.	32:00
	What you were before in the Civil Rights Movement,	32:02
	what you're doing now, how you are,	32:04
	put a picture of yourself in there, hey,	32:07
	you can put photos on websites, right.	32:08
	So everybody can see how gorgeous you still are or whatever.	32:10
	(laughter)	32:13
	You can look up people there,	32:14
	which you haven't been able to find.	32:16
	Which is another asset, we think, to this project.	32:17
	You can post information about anything you want to,	32:20
	just as long as it's not 99 pages long.	32:23
	Secondly, there'll be information on this website	32:26
	about resources that we hope to find might help people.	32:29
	Like ways to get health insurance maybe cheap or free.	32:32
	Whatever the needs are for the different needs	32:37
	that Wazir mentioned, and also putting people in touch	32:40
	to form local committees, like he said.	32:44
	Because a few folks in the Bay Area can't do it alone.	32:46
	Nor should we.	32:49
	But that would be some of the communication	32:51
	that we're, and identification resources.	32:53
	Third, there'll be a memorial section	32:56
	where, you know sometimes you find out two years later,	32:58
	well, so and so died, you know, last week, or whatever.	33:00
	We can keep more up to date on those things	33:03
	and people can pass the word	33:06
	about those who have passed as they wish.	33:07
	And finally will be the list of resources	33:10
	and links to getting more information about them.	33:14
	So, we hope that you all will consider	33:16
	adding your names and your histories	33:18
	and photos if possible to the website.	33:21
	And sort of the motto, I think,	33:24
	at least for me, behind this website,	33:25
	is that the circles go unbroken.	33:28
	All the circles, thank you.	33:31
	(applause)	33:33
-	One final thing is that we want to recognize Joanne Grant	33:35
	who formed the fundamental idea for this conference	33:42
	and for Charles Payne and Dr. Moses for taking it up.	33:45
	(applause)	33:51
-	And let us thank Martha Norman for organizing it.	33:56
-	And I'm asking Brenda Travis and Muriel Tillinghast	34:08
	to go to the Gender Panel.	34:12
	Thank you.	34:16
	(crowd chatting)	34:18

Item Info

Title:

Tape 14, 2000 April

Date:

April 25, 2000

Description:

One of sixteen digital videocassette tapes documenting the 13 April 2000 conference, "We Who Believe in Freedom Cannot Rest: Ella J. Baker ('Miss Baker') and the Birth of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee," held at Shaw University, in Raleigh, NC. The conference celebrated the organization's 40th anniversary.

Location:

Subject:

Format:

audiotapes

Digital Collection:

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee 40th anniversary conference videocassette tapes, 2000

Source Collection:

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee 40th anniversary conference videocassette tapes, 2000

Rights:

No Re-Use

In Copyright

Rights Note:

This material is made available for research, scholarship, and private study. Copyright in this material has not been transferred to Duke University. For reuses of this material beyond those permitted by fair use or otherwise allowed under the Copyright Act, please see our page on copyright and citations: https://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/research/citations-and-permissions.

Identifier:

RL10136-MDV-0013
ref53_m1q
snccanniversarytapes
duke:541214
rl10136mdv0013
ark:/87924/r45q4vm8n
b07401fe-2a2f-4746-bbe5-f36ef2d4c3ca

Permalink:

https://idn.duke.edu/ark:/87924/r45q4vm8n

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Tape 14, 2000 April

Transcript

Item Info

John Hope Franklin Research Center

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