James C. Little - "Academy and Passion" (May 26, 1974)
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Transcript
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- | Okay. | 0:11 |
(choral music) | 0:17 | |
(instrumental music) | 1:02 | |
- | Almighty God who are worthy to be praised | 4:08 |
and to be held in a reverence | 4:11 | |
by all those who stand before thee. | 4:12 | |
Pour out upon us, | 4:16 | |
we pray thee thy redeeming and sanctifying spirit | 4:17 | |
that we being cleansed from sin | 4:20 | |
may worship thee with true joy. | 4:23 | |
Grant that all our praises be gone and ended in thee, | 4:27 | |
may make thy name glorious through Jesus Christ, our Lord. | 4:31 | |
Amen. | 4:35 | |
♪ Praise to the Lord, the Almighty ♪ | 4:40 | |
♪ The King of creation ♪ | 4:44 | |
♪ O my soul, praise Him ♪ | 4:50 | |
♪ For He is thy health and salvation ♪ | 4:52 | |
♪ All ye who hear ♪ | 4:59 | |
♪ Now to His temple draw near ♪ | 5:03 | |
♪ Praise Him in glad adoration ♪ | 5:08 | |
(instrumental music) | 5:19 | |
(choral music) | 5:56 | |
- | It's right that we enter the house of the Lord | 8:50 |
in the spirit of humility and confession, | 8:53 | |
will you join me now in our prayer of confession. | 8:57 | |
Oh Lord, look mercifully upon us | 9:04 | |
who are encompassed about with many temptations, | 9:07 | |
humbly we confess our thoughtless lives, | 9:10 | |
our worldly vanities, | 9:14 | |
our words and deeds unworthy of your children. | 9:16 | |
We have not lived so as to glorify you on the earth | 9:20 | |
and to finish the work you gave us to do. | 9:24 | |
Comfort us in the arms of your mercy, | 9:27 | |
pardon and absolve us of all our offenses, | 9:31 | |
cleanse us from our secret falls | 9:34 | |
and from the bonds of those sins, | 9:37 | |
in which by our frailty we are taken, | 9:40 | |
be pleased, oh Lord, to deliver us | 9:43 | |
through Jesus Christ, your son, our savior. | 9:46 | |
Amen. | 9:50 | |
The words of assurance are these. | 9:56 | |
Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, | 10:00 | |
who in his mercy gave us new birth | 10:04 | |
into a living hope | 10:06 | |
by the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead. | 10:07 | |
The inheritance to which we are born | 10:12 | |
is one that nothing can destroy or spoil, or wither, | 10:14 | |
it is kept for you in heaven. | 10:18 | |
And you, because you put your faith in God | 10:20 | |
are under the protection of his power until salvation comes, | 10:23 | |
the salvation which is even now in readiness | 10:27 | |
and will be revealed at the end of the time. | 10:30 | |
Can we pray together the prayer of our Lord. | 10:37 | |
Let us pray. | 10:39 | |
Our Father who art in heaven, | 10:41 | |
hallowed be thy name, | 10:44 | |
thy kingdom come, | 10:46 | |
thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven. | 10:48 | |
Give us this day, our daily bread | 10:53 | |
and forgive us our trespasses | 10:55 | |
as we forgive those who trespass against us | 10:57 | |
and lead us not into temptation, | 11:01 | |
but deliver us from evil | 11:04 | |
for thine is the kingdom | 11:06 | |
and the power | 11:08 | |
and the glory | 11:09 | |
forever and ever. | 11:11 | |
Amen. | 11:13 | |
(instrumental music) | 11:15 | |
♪ Oh, sing unto the Lord ♪ | 11:40 | |
♪ Sing unto the Lord ♪ | 11:44 | |
♪ Sing unto the Lord a new song ♪ | 11:46 | |
♪ Sing, sing unto the Lord a new song ♪ | 11:50 | |
(choral music) | 11:57 | |
♪ Sing to the Lord ♪ | 12:27 | |
♪ Sing to the Lord ♪ | 12:40 | |
♪ Hallelujah ♪ | 12:47 | |
♪ Hallelujah ♪ | 12:52 | |
♪ Hallelujah ♪ | 12:56 | |
♪ Hallelujah ♪ | 13:00 | |
♪ Hallelujah ♪ | 13:04 | |
♪ Hallelujah ♪ | 13:08 | |
♪ Hallelujah ♪ | 13:12 | |
- | Scripture lesson this morning | 13:36 |
is taken from the First Letter of Peter, | 13:37 | |
I'm reading from the New English Translation. | 13:41 | |
To sum up, "Be one in thought and feeling all of you, | 13:48 | |
be full of brotherly affection, kindly and humble-minded. | 13:53 | |
Do not repay wrong with wrong or abuse with abuse, | 13:58 | |
on the contrary retaliate with blessing | 14:02 | |
for a blessing is the inheritance | 14:05 | |
to which yourselves have been called. | 14:07 | |
Whoever loves life and would see good days | 14:10 | |
must restrain his tongue from evil | 14:12 | |
and his lips from deceit. | 14:15 | |
Must turn from wrong and do good, | 14:17 | |
seek peace and pursue it. | 14:20 | |
For the Lord's eyes are turned towards the righteous. | 14:23 | |
His ears are open to their prayers, | 14:26 | |
but the Lord's face is set against wrongdoers. | 14:30 | |
Who is going to do you wrong | 14:34 | |
if you are devoted to what is good, | 14:36 | |
and yet, if you should suffer for your virtues, | 14:39 | |
you may count yourselves happy. | 14:42 | |
Have no fear of them, do not be perturbed, | 14:44 | |
but hold the Lord Christ in reverence in your hearts. | 14:47 | |
Be always ready with your defense | 14:51 | |
whenever you are called to account | 14:53 | |
for the hope that is in you, | 14:55 | |
but make that defense with modesty and respect. | 14:57 | |
Keep your conscience clear | 15:02 | |
so that when you are abused, | 15:04 | |
those who malign your Christian conduct may be put to shame. | 15:05 | |
It is better to suffer for well-doing | 15:10 | |
if such should be the will of God, than for doing wrong. | 15:12 | |
For Christ also died for our sins once and for all. | 15:16 | |
He the just suffered for the unjust to bring us to God. | 15:22 | |
In the body he was put to death, | 15:27 | |
in the spirit he was brought to life | 15:30 | |
and in the spirit, | 15:33 | |
he went and made his proclamation to the imprisoned spirits. | 15:34 | |
They had refused obedience long ago | 15:37 | |
while God waited patiently in the days of Noah | 15:40 | |
in the building of the Ark | 15:42 | |
and in the Ark, a few persons and Noah | 15:44 | |
were brought to safety through the water. | 15:46 | |
This water prefigured the water of baptism | 15:50 | |
through which you are now brought to safety. | 15:52 | |
Baptism is not the washing away of bodily pollution, | 15:55 | |
but the appeal made to God by a good conscience. | 15:59 | |
And it brings salvation | 16:03 | |
through the resurrection of Jesus Christ | 16:04 | |
who entered heaven after receiving | 16:07 | |
the submission of angelic authorities and powers, | 16:09 | |
and is now at the right hand of God." | 16:12 | |
May God's Spirit interpret to our hearts this day, | 16:16 | |
this portion of holy scripture. | 16:19 | |
(instrumental music) | 16:22 | |
Let us affirm our faith. | 17:02 | |
We believe in God who has created and is creating, | 17:07 | |
who has come in the true man, Jesus | 17:12 | |
to reconcile and make new | 17:14 | |
who works in us and others by his Spirit. | 17:17 | |
We trust him. | 17:21 | |
He calls us to be in his church | 17:23 | |
to celebrate his presence, | 17:26 | |
to love and serve others, | 17:28 | |
to seek justice and resist evil, | 17:30 | |
to proclaim Jesus crucified and risen, | 17:34 | |
our judge and our hope, | 17:37 | |
in life and death, | 17:40 | |
in life beyond death, | 17:42 | |
God is with us. | 17:44 | |
We are not alone. | 17:46 | |
Thanks be to God. | 17:48 | |
The Lord be with you. | 17:50 | |
Let us pray. | 17:54 | |
Eternal God, our Father, | 18:09 | |
by whose hand we receive the gift of life, | 18:13 | |
by whose love we are excused for distorting that gift, | 18:19 | |
and by whose patient care, | 18:25 | |
we are directed into the ways of abundant living, | 18:27 | |
we offer our praise and our gratitude. | 18:31 | |
Refreshed by sleep and the coolness of the night, | 18:37 | |
we praise in thanksgiving | 18:42 | |
for expectation of hope springing fresh from the morning. | 18:44 | |
Oh, God, we approach our time of worship | 18:52 | |
in a spirit of humility and confession | 18:54 | |
for our sin is exposed in the light of your presence. | 18:57 | |
Our tiny faith makes us children of fear and anxiety | 19:04 | |
having placed our hope in the things of this world. | 19:08 | |
Our impatience with friends | 19:15 | |
has diminished your love in the world. | 19:17 | |
Our overwhelming concern for self | 19:21 | |
has robbed our children and our parents | 19:23 | |
of the care and nurture that is rightfully theirs. | 19:26 | |
And our abundant material lives doll our senses | 19:31 | |
to the cries of desperation from those dying, | 19:34 | |
wanting to die or begging for life all around us. | 19:38 | |
Our Father, hear our prayers. | 19:43 | |
We lift up each individual life here this morning, | 19:49 | |
and each one listening. | 19:52 | |
The particular hurts, frustrations, fears and hopes | 19:57 | |
are different for each of us, | 20:00 | |
but in a larger sense, | 20:05 | |
we are one in our need of recognition, | 20:07 | |
our need to be loved and to love. | 20:11 | |
We long for renewed assurance that our lives are worthwhile. | 20:16 | |
We want to be happy and we wish happiness for those we love. | 20:22 | |
Comfort those who in this hour | 20:31 | |
are living with panic. | 20:34 | |
Those for whom physical or mental anguish | 20:38 | |
is a constant companion. | 20:40 | |
Minister through us and through your Spirit | 20:46 | |
to those confronted by the inevitability | 20:49 | |
of major decisions in this hour. | 20:51 | |
We ask release for those struggling | 20:59 | |
for freedom of heart and mind. | 21:01 | |
Young people torn apart by the two or more lives | 21:05 | |
they are forced to live, | 21:10 | |
adults who fear that real life has passed them by | 21:13 | |
and think maybe it's too late. | 21:18 | |
Our Father, our needs are many, | 21:22 | |
but we have been promised the hope of abundant living | 21:25 | |
and an inheritance rightfully ours | 21:28 | |
and we have believed. | 21:32 | |
Come be with us. | 21:34 | |
Oh God, we pray for nations, factions, | 21:41 | |
brothers and sisters tearing at each other's lives. | 21:43 | |
Heal the cancer of hatred and let understanding flow down. | 21:58 | |
Show us the way to peace. | 22:04 | |
We pray for the millions, | 22:11 | |
particularly on the African continent, | 22:12 | |
grasping at a barren land for morsels of survival. | 22:15 | |
We pray for our nation | 22:24 | |
and for our leaders in this time of moral crisis, | 22:27 | |
raise up men and women | 22:32 | |
for whom truth and integrity are words of life. | 22:34 | |
And our Father be with him who this morning | 22:44 | |
brings to us thy word through his preaching. | 22:47 | |
Hear us oh God, in all our prayers and needs, | 22:54 | |
renew a right spirit within us | 22:59 | |
and set us free. | 23:02 | |
In the name of the Lord of life, Jesus Christ, | 23:05 | |
amen. | 23:10 | |
- | As some of you present in this congregation | 23:36 |
and listening on radio know, | 23:39 | |
this is an especially difficult sermon for me to preach, | 23:41 | |
but what you do not perhaps know | 23:46 | |
is it is difficult at two levels. | 23:48 | |
The first and best known level of difficulty | 23:52 | |
is that my wife and I have decided | 23:55 | |
to return to our native Scotland after nine years at Duke. | 23:58 | |
There is then the emotional difficulty | 24:04 | |
of saying hail | 24:07 | |
and farewell. | 24:09 | |
There is also at this first and best known level, | 24:12 | |
the practical difficulty of writing a sermon | 24:15 | |
in the midst of almost total upheaval. | 24:19 | |
Our life is probably as close as one can get | 24:22 | |
to the feeling that the world ends in a week. | 24:26 | |
Our immediate world ends next Friday | 24:30 | |
when we have to vacate university offices and apartment. | 24:33 | |
The consequence is that occasional experience in life | 24:38 | |
of mass clearance of business matters and personal property. | 24:43 | |
If you were looking for a steam iron in good condition, | 24:49 | |
sorry you missed it, | 24:54 | |
the yard sale was yesterday. | 24:56 | |
But there is another level of difficulty | 25:01 | |
in preaching the sermon. | 25:03 | |
And this difficulty is best approached | 25:06 | |
by quoting the words of Harry Williams, | 25:09 | |
the British theologian and preacher | 25:12 | |
in his series of sermons, "The True Wilderness", | 25:15 | |
"I resolved that I would not preach | 25:20 | |
about any aspect of Christian belief | 25:22 | |
unless it had become part of my own life blood | 25:26 | |
for I realized that the Christian truth I try to proclaim, | 25:30 | |
would speak to those who listened | 25:35 | |
only to the degree | 25:37 | |
in which it was an expression of my own identity." | 25:39 | |
I am resolved sort to preach today. | 25:45 | |
It is always difficult to speak about your own life blood, | 25:49 | |
just hard to find the right words. | 25:54 | |
It is potentially embarrassing to those who overhear, | 25:57 | |
it is potentially arrogant if it is implied, | 26:02 | |
as I do imply that it is somehow the word of God, | 26:05 | |
it has implications for my own life in the future | 26:11 | |
and for your life as you decide how to respond. | 26:14 | |
Up until about a year and a half ago, | 26:21 | |
I was pursuing a fairly average academic type of life. | 26:23 | |
It is true that the opportunity | 26:28 | |
to come to study here at Duke | 26:29 | |
was also an escape from becoming a parish minister | 26:31 | |
in the Church of Scotland, | 26:35 | |
an escape which had something to do | 26:37 | |
with intellectual doubts | 26:40 | |
about the nature of the New Testament | 26:41 | |
and the doctrines and life of the 20th century church. | 26:43 | |
An escape however, which as I now see it | 26:48 | |
also had much to do with the danger I felt | 26:51 | |
if I took the gospel of Jesus seriously, | 26:55 | |
for the one who said to me | 26:58 | |
in the pages of the New Testament, | 27:00 | |
"Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, | 27:03 | |
for I am gentle and lowly in heart, | 27:06 | |
and you will find rest for your souls | 27:09 | |
for my yoke is easy and my burden is light." | 27:12 | |
Was also the one who said, | 27:15 | |
"If any man would come after me, | 27:17 | |
let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me, | 27:20 | |
for whoever would save his life will lose it | 27:25 | |
and whoever loses his life for my sake | 27:28 | |
and the gospel's will save it." | 27:31 | |
At least one way of dealing with that danger | 27:34 | |
is to indulge in purely academic study. | 27:37 | |
And we have in our graduate programs of religion, | 27:41 | |
a means by which the string summons of Jesus | 27:45 | |
can be effectively underneath the times. | 27:49 | |
Now it is true that my own academic product, | 27:54 | |
a dissertation on the way, | 27:58 | |
the writer of Mark's Gospel edited his sources | 27:59 | |
is no bad thing | 28:03 | |
just as it is true that most academic productivity | 28:05 | |
in this or any other university is no bad thing. | 28:09 | |
It becomes a bad thing however, | 28:14 | |
when the issue of its relevance is not raised. | 28:17 | |
And by relevance, I mean, precisely, | 28:21 | |
as Webster defines the word, relation to the matter at hand, | 28:24 | |
it is perhaps accident incidentally, | 28:32 | |
that Webster has added as a good example | 28:35 | |
of the proper use of the word, this quotation, | 28:38 | |
"A scholars activities should have relevance | 28:42 | |
to the immediate future of our civilization." | 28:45 | |
I underline the word immediate. | 28:50 | |
About a year and a half ago, | 28:54 | |
having completed that dissertation | 28:56 | |
and faced with what I sensed to be a strange irrelevance | 28:58 | |
about further refining the nature of Christianity | 29:03 | |
in the first century, | 29:06 | |
I began to explore the relevance of what I had learned | 29:08 | |
and what I seemed now easily to believe | 29:11 | |
about Jesus and his gospel. | 29:14 | |
That is the relation to my matter at hand | 29:17 | |
and our matter at hand, | 29:21 | |
the matter of where my body, mind, and skills | 29:23 | |
should be given, should be | 29:28 | |
given that our 20th century is alive and well | 29:30 | |
with the same atrocities | 29:34 | |
which pour from the hearts of men and women, | 29:36 | |
even after Jesus has reputedly died | 29:39 | |
to eradicate them for us. | 29:42 | |
Jesus put it most precisely, | 29:45 | |
"What comes out of a man is what defiles a man, | 29:48 | |
for from within out of a heart of man come evil thoughts, | 29:51 | |
fornication, theft, murder, | 29:56 | |
adultery, coveting, wickedness, deceit, | 29:59 | |
licentiousness, envy, slander, | 30:02 | |
pride, foolishness, | 30:05 | |
all these evil things come from within | 30:07 | |
and they defile a man." | 30:11 | |
I took up again with new seriousness, the other injunction, | 30:14 | |
which is reputed to Jesus, | 30:18 | |
"Ask and you will receive, | 30:20 | |
seek and you will find, | 30:22 | |
knock and it will be opened to you." | 30:24 | |
And it is perhaps not surprising | 30:27 | |
that was received and what was found, | 30:31 | |
and what was opened up | 30:34 | |
was rather different from what I had expected | 30:36 | |
and rather more precise than my academic treading | 30:39 | |
had led me to think was possible. | 30:43 | |
In the first place, | 30:47 | |
I found it increasingly important | 30:48 | |
that I be frank about my academic opinions | 30:50 | |
and that I be precise about what is implied by them | 30:54 | |
for me and for the community, | 30:58 | |
which dares to call Jesus, Lord. | 31:01 | |
The opinions first, | 31:05 | |
although these are opinions, | 31:07 | |
they have associated with them | 31:09 | |
the high degree of probability, | 31:11 | |
which is all one can ever hope for | 31:13 | |
in matters of this type in this world. | 31:16 | |
First, there is no doubt in my own mind | 31:20 | |
that the four gospels as we now have them | 31:22 | |
represent a creative exploration by the evangelists | 31:25 | |
of the story about Jesus. | 31:29 | |
They are not afraid I think, | 31:32 | |
to change the story of Jesus which they receive | 31:35 | |
in order to meet their own theological point. | 31:38 | |
To cite two clear instances, | 31:42 | |
the so-called fourth evangelist, John, | 31:45 | |
is not afraid to say | 31:48 | |
that Jesus died before the time | 31:50 | |
that Jesus could eat the Passover, | 31:53 | |
rather than agree with the other three evangelists | 31:56 | |
that Jesus died after he had eaten the Passover. | 31:59 | |
And John's reason seems quite clearly | 32:04 | |
to meet the theological point, | 32:07 | |
which he puts onto the lips of John the Baptist | 32:09 | |
in his gospel's first chapter, | 32:12 | |
"Behold the lamb of God | 32:14 | |
who takes away the sins of the world." | 32:16 | |
It is for him possible to place Jesus' death | 32:19 | |
at the point when the lambs are being slain, | 32:23 | |
rather than place it after the time | 32:26 | |
when Jesus has eaten the Passover. | 32:29 | |
In a similar way, | 32:33 | |
Luke is prepared to report | 32:34 | |
that as well as sending out his 12 disciples upon a mission, | 32:36 | |
Jesus also sent out 70 missionaries. | 32:41 | |
He was ready to read back into the story about Jesus, | 32:44 | |
the experience of the mission to the Gentile nations | 32:49 | |
of which there were reputedly 70. | 32:52 | |
There is evidence much more than just these two examples | 32:57 | |
of considerable creativity | 33:01 | |
in the way they evangelists use their traditions. | 33:03 | |
And there is every reason to assume | 33:07 | |
that similar creativity went into the development | 33:09 | |
of the stories about Jesus before they were incorporated | 33:12 | |
in a literary form of the gospels. | 33:16 | |
The second opinion has to do | 33:22 | |
with the possibility of reconstructing the essential life | 33:24 | |
and message of Jesus of Nazareth. | 33:28 | |
His time was marked by various divisions in society. | 33:31 | |
And one of the most pernicious was the religious division. | 33:35 | |
It has been estimated by one New Testament scholar | 33:39 | |
that about 80% of the population of Palestine | 33:42 | |
was effectively excluded from what was regarded | 33:46 | |
as proper relationship with the God of Israel. | 33:50 | |
The Temple Cultus had developed a series of walls | 33:55 | |
of separation so that the holy of holiest | 33:59 | |
could be approached only by the high priest of Israel | 34:02 | |
and then only once per year. | 34:06 | |
Priests, laymen, women, and Gentiles | 34:09 | |
in that order, were kept progressively farther away | 34:13 | |
from that holy center of Israel's Cultus. | 34:18 | |
(indistinct) party | 34:22 | |
had developed a massive rules and regulations, | 34:23 | |
which even if some of them are unclear to us, | 34:26 | |
nevertheless seemed to have kept most of the population | 34:29 | |
in the class of sinners, along with the tax collectors. | 34:33 | |
The Essenes had retreated to the desert | 34:38 | |
to await God's election of their purified | 34:42 | |
and restrictive society. | 34:45 | |
Historically, it is at least certain | 34:48 | |
that Jesus embodied in his own actions | 34:51 | |
the idea that God was not separated | 34:54 | |
from the world of the marketplaces, | 34:57 | |
the fishing villages, the tax collectors table. | 34:59 | |
It is one of the most assured statements | 35:04 | |
in the New Testament that Jesus was characterized | 35:06 | |
as I quote, "Glutton and drunkard, | 35:09 | |
a friend of tax collectors and sinners." | 35:12 | |
Historically, it is at least certain | 35:17 | |
that Jesus was crucified | 35:19 | |
because he challenged by word and action, | 35:21 | |
the religious traditions of his day, | 35:24 | |
which separated God from man and man from man. | 35:27 | |
His cleansing of the temple is at the very least | 35:31 | |
a symbolic penetration by this glutton and drunkard | 35:35 | |
into the most holy place. | 35:39 | |
His eating with sinners and tax collectors | 35:42 | |
is at the very least an act of demonstration | 35:46 | |
of the brotherhood of all men under the fatherhood of God. | 35:49 | |
The third opinion has to do with my essential agreement | 35:56 | |
with something that Rudolf Bultmann said many years ago. | 36:00 | |
And I purposely chose the reading from 1 Peter, | 36:04 | |
because it contains many of the elements | 36:07 | |
about which Bultmann speaks. | 36:10 | |
In his essay, now contained in kerygma and myth, | 36:14 | |
Bultmann uses this language, | 36:18 | |
"This then the New Testament language | 36:21 | |
is the mythical view of the world, | 36:24 | |
which the New Testament presupposes | 36:26 | |
when it presents the event of redemption, | 36:28 | |
which is the subject of its preaching. | 36:31 | |
It proclaims in the language of mythology | 36:34 | |
that the last time has now come. | 36:36 | |
In the fullness of time, God sent forth his son, | 36:39 | |
a preexistent divine being who appears on earth as a man. | 36:43 | |
He dies the death of a sinner on the cross | 36:48 | |
and makes atonement for the sins of men. | 36:51 | |
His resurrection marks the beginning | 36:54 | |
of the cosmic catastrophe, death. | 36:56 | |
The consequence of Adam's sin is abolished | 36:59 | |
and the demonic forces are deprived of their power. | 37:01 | |
The risen Christ is exalted | 37:05 | |
to the right hand of God in heaven | 37:07 | |
and made Lord and King. | 37:09 | |
He will come again on the clouds of heaven | 37:11 | |
to complete the work of redemption | 37:13 | |
and the resurrection on the judgment of men will follow. | 37:15 | |
Sin, suffering and death will then be finally abolished. | 37:19 | |
All this is to happen very soon. | 37:23 | |
Indeed, Saint Paul thinks that he himself | 37:26 | |
will live to see it." | 37:29 | |
These are all quotations drawn from Paul, | 37:30 | |
but as I pointed out this morning in the reading, | 37:33 | |
Peter or whoever wrote that work has the same viewpoint, | 37:37 | |
the same mythological view of the universe. | 37:41 | |
That is his view of the universe, | 37:44 | |
which is different from ours. | 37:46 | |
I also agree with Bultmann | 37:49 | |
that it is both senseless and impossible | 37:50 | |
for modern man to accept first century language | 37:53 | |
as the only way of describing Jesus. | 37:57 | |
It is after all only first century language. | 38:00 | |
Like Bultmann and others, | 38:05 | |
I have serious reservations | 38:07 | |
about the bodily resurrection of Jesus, | 38:09 | |
or at least talking about the resurrection of Jesus | 38:12 | |
as necessarily including a resuscitation of his dead body. | 38:15 | |
I would agree with Bultmann, that quote, | 38:22 | |
"Faith in the resurrection," | 38:25 | |
is really the same thing | 38:28 | |
as faith in the saving efficacy of the cross." | 38:29 | |
Unquote. | 38:35 | |
I would pop company with Bultmann, | 38:37 | |
however, in leaving that as a purely academic statement. | 38:39 | |
For me, that has the implication | 38:44 | |
that the resurrected body of Christ | 38:48 | |
is the community of those who have faith | 38:50 | |
in the saving efficacy of the way of the cross of Jesus. | 38:53 | |
These then are the academic opinions | 39:00 | |
to which I have come after years of study | 39:03 | |
and upon which I must stand | 39:06 | |
if I have to be intellectually responsible. | 39:08 | |
But what are the implications of these | 39:12 | |
for me as an individual and for us as a community? | 39:14 | |
First, they are personal. | 39:18 | |
My wife and I have been moved by a number of demonstrations | 39:21 | |
in the present century of the saving efficacy | 39:25 | |
of the way of the cross. | 39:29 | |
Particularly, we have found power | 39:31 | |
in the demonstration by the berrigans and their associates. | 39:34 | |
But as a society, we are more disturbed | 39:39 | |
by the burning of pieces of paper called draft-cards | 39:42 | |
and by the burning of human bodies called Vietnamese, | 39:46 | |
as Daniel Berrigan has put it, | 39:51 | |
"I have been to Hanoi and I have seen what our bombs do, | 39:53 | |
what our anti personnel weaponry was doing to civilians, | 39:58 | |
to children and to their parents. | 40:02 | |
And we all know what that is | 40:05 | |
because we have seen the photograph in Newsweek | 40:06 | |
and Time of that child's body covered in Nepal. | 40:09 | |
That is the real offense | 40:14 | |
about which we should be confessing | 40:16 | |
and which we should be seeking to change | 40:19 | |
in our 20th century world." | 40:22 | |
They are personal also these implications | 40:25 | |
in the sense that my wife and I have been moved | 40:29 | |
by the plight of certain areas | 40:32 | |
of our native city of Glasgow, | 40:35 | |
where young men and women, | 40:37 | |
as young as 12 and 13 years of age | 40:40 | |
are pursuing ways of violence | 40:44 | |
in the form of vandalism of property | 40:46 | |
and threats to human life. | 40:49 | |
Where in recent reports in newspapers, | 40:51 | |
teachers and policemen and social workers | 40:54 | |
cannot be found to work in these areas. | 40:56 | |
We have decided to seek to live, always to seek to live | 41:00 | |
and work in such an area in the belief that quote, | 41:05 | |
"The resurrection is really the same thing as faith | 41:09 | |
and the saving efficacy of the cross." | 41:13 | |
We believe that the nuclear family | 41:16 | |
can no longer afford to protect itself | 41:20 | |
against the violent trends of our society | 41:22 | |
by retreating to suburbia to save its life. | 41:25 | |
Our safe lives are being and will be invaded, | 41:29 | |
no amount of material goods, no amount of academic debate, | 41:33 | |
no amount of academic refinement, no amount of barbed wire, | 41:37 | |
no amount of defense spending | 41:41 | |
will keep the violence of our own hearts | 41:44 | |
and of our fellow human beings at bay. | 41:46 | |
Currently, the servant community can seek and save the lost | 41:50 | |
in the way of Jesus, | 41:55 | |
beginning, always beginning with ourselves. | 41:57 | |
The third implication is clearly farthest community | 42:02 | |
for it raises the issue of whether this community | 42:07 | |
is the body of Christ in the sense of the serving | 42:11 | |
and self-denying community. | 42:15 | |
There are clearly problems in this very setting, | 42:18 | |
the crucified Jesus who sits to be resurrected in us | 42:22 | |
has been neatly hidden behind the Gothic architecture, | 42:26 | |
the fine liturgy, the dispersed lives of us as worshipers, | 42:30 | |
but by the very act of entering this house, | 42:35 | |
by the very act of drawing near to the gospel of Jesus, | 42:38 | |
we are potentially the body of Christ in and far the world. | 42:43 | |
The hope of that potential | 42:48 | |
must be sought with high intention | 42:52 | |
otherwise the word of God for this community | 42:55 | |
will not be heard | 42:58 | |
and the cross will not have its saving power in our midst. | 43:01 | |
I want to end with the words of a black sister | 43:08 | |
who found it hard to relate | 43:13 | |
in this mainly all white community of teachers and students | 43:15 | |
in a class which I conducted this past semester. | 43:20 | |
Finally, after she had written a paper for me, | 43:24 | |
which was clearly irrelevant to her, | 43:27 | |
I got from her something | 43:32 | |
which dotted down to the nitty gritty | 43:34 | |
and discovered that her distance in class from us | 43:37 | |
and from the subject | 43:40 | |
was rooted in 300 years of her people's history. | 43:42 | |
And I read these words on her behalf. | 43:47 | |
As the crime of black sister, | 43:50 | |
to her white brothers and sisters | 43:53 | |
in a place where she would find it hard to speak | 43:56 | |
in the hope, the Christian hope | 44:00 | |
that her words and their implications may be reversed | 44:03 | |
by the thought and the action of this community | 44:08 | |
as a potential body of Christ | 44:11 | |
in and for its immediate world and the immediate future. | 44:14 | |
The reading will take about five minutes | 44:20 | |
and it's worth hearing it | 44:24 | |
because she speaks from the heart. | 44:25 | |
And that is what we must first hear from each of us. | 44:27 | |
"The first thing to be considered | 44:32 | |
is a history of which covers over three centuries, | 44:33 | |
and which still progresses along the same pattern. | 44:37 | |
That history is one of white supremacy | 44:41 | |
and black subordination. | 44:43 | |
It is a history which cannot be forgotten by me, | 44:46 | |
a black woman, because it is still present. | 44:49 | |
Although many changes have taken place | 44:52 | |
to ameliorate conditions, | 44:54 | |
many more changes are still too slow in coming. | 44:57 | |
This is evidenced by poor education given to blacks, | 45:01 | |
the high rates of unemployment | 45:04 | |
and inadequate welfare assistance | 45:06 | |
and many more humiliations. | 45:09 | |
There're humiliations so great | 45:12 | |
that it still means that to be born black in America | 45:13 | |
is to be born less than human. | 45:17 | |
To be born black and impoverished | 45:20 | |
is done near worse than never having been born at all. | 45:22 | |
I say this because the way up from rock bottom | 45:27 | |
is like trying to climb up a broken ladder. | 45:29 | |
Mine is the experience of a poor black woman, | 45:33 | |
which should explain my tone of bitterness. | 45:36 | |
The black woman is the lowest of the low, | 45:39 | |
abused by all and respected by none. | 45:41 | |
With that bit of background information, | 45:45 | |
I should know like to explain my position | 45:48 | |
as a student at Duke University, | 45:50 | |
not only you Dr. Little but other professors as well | 45:52 | |
have complained of my distant attitude | 45:55 | |
and lack of concern with our classes. | 45:58 | |
My position at Duke is that of a black | 46:01 | |
in a white institution, | 46:03 | |
just as my position in America | 46:05 | |
is that of a black in a white system. | 46:06 | |
I did not ask to be here and would prefer to be elsewhere, | 46:09 | |
namely, the place of my ancestral origins. | 46:13 | |
But I do not even know where that is. | 46:17 | |
And I blame you white America for that. | 46:20 | |
However, the fact is that I am here now, | 46:24 | |
and that is what must be dealt with. | 46:27 | |
My way of dealing with the situation | 46:30 | |
is to do only what it takes to get over on whitey, | 46:32 | |
but to push with heart and soul | 46:35 | |
for solidarity with my black brothers and sisters, | 46:37 | |
it is almost like a game | 46:41 | |
that you have to play according to whitey's rules | 46:43 | |
up to a certain point, | 46:46 | |
beyond that point, | 46:48 | |
if the game has been learned well, | 46:49 | |
whitey cannot touch you. | 46:51 | |
As a student at Duke, | 46:53 | |
I am still playing by whitey's rules, | 46:55 | |
but not completely, | 46:57 | |
to do so completely would be prostitution | 46:58 | |
and I think too highly of myself to do that. | 47:01 | |
I long for a unity with my people | 47:05 | |
who would share my pride and self-esteem, | 47:07 | |
we already share a common experience and a common course. | 47:10 | |
And that course as I see it | 47:15 | |
is to establish my own identity | 47:16 | |
rather than have one imposed on me | 47:18 | |
and to be able to assert that identity | 47:21 | |
in the face of all stereotyping, labeling and classifying. | 47:23 | |
My distant attitude | 47:28 | |
is a means of combating forced identities. | 47:30 | |
My attraction to my black brothers and sisters | 47:34 | |
is a means of establishing an identity. | 47:36 | |
It is only with my own people | 47:40 | |
that I feel I exist and that I belong somewhere. | 47:41 | |
I depend on them and they on me for existence. | 47:45 | |
The white world must be shut out | 47:49 | |
as a hindrance to that goal. | 47:51 | |
You might then ask what is their progress? | 47:54 | |
The answer is nowhere, | 47:57 | |
at least not right now for the overall situation, | 47:59 | |
if you want to help I say, | 48:03 | |
do what you think best, | 48:04 | |
but do not interfere with me in what I am doing. | 48:06 | |
It is not that your help is not appreciated, | 48:09 | |
but experience has taught me to be wary of palefaces. | 48:12 | |
And I can honestly say | 48:16 | |
that I have never met a white face I could trust. | 48:17 | |
I know that sounds harsh, but it is true. | 48:21 | |
I hope therefore that you understand | 48:24 | |
how it is impossible for me to work alongside someone | 48:26 | |
who might cannot, not will not trust | 48:29 | |
on a matter that concerns my destiny. | 48:33 | |
It is of paramount importance that you understand that. | 48:36 | |
Lack of trust is the bridge which separates you and me. | 48:39 | |
It is a long bridge covering hundreds of years, | 48:43 | |
which you must cross because I have no desire to meet you. | 48:47 | |
You must first prove to me beyond the shadow of doubt | 48:51 | |
that I can trust you | 48:55 | |
before I can have anything concrete to do with you. | 48:57 | |
That in essence explains my distance. | 49:00 | |
Given that viewpoint, | 49:04 | |
things may seem hopeless and perhaps they are, | 49:06 | |
but I still believe in Martin Luther King's dream, | 49:09 | |
it was not realized in his lifetime | 49:13 | |
nor it will be realized in mine, | 49:15 | |
but one day I must believe that it will be. | 49:18 | |
Perhaps it takes time to heal the wounds, | 49:21 | |
or more men like Dr. King with visions to guide the world. | 49:24 | |
Well I am still bleeding from my wounds | 49:29 | |
and I have no clear visions of my own. | 49:31 | |
So for me, the situation remains stagnant. | 49:34 | |
I await my vision, however, and it will come. | 49:38 | |
I know within myself that it will. | 49:41 | |
I just hope that it is bright enough and clear enough | 49:43 | |
to set my world and yours in order. | 49:47 | |
Until the occurrence of my vision, | 49:50 | |
I will permit myself to nothing, | 49:52 | |
my vision coming from whatever exists over and beyond myself | 49:54 | |
would demand my total life's commitment | 49:59 | |
to the death if necessary. | 50:01 | |
But that death could only be the last fulfillment | 50:04 | |
to an already fulfilled life. | 50:08 | |
That vision of which I speak | 50:11 | |
must also be my religion for there's none other | 50:13 | |
for which I can embrace. | 50:16 | |
There are certain aspects to almost all religions, | 50:18 | |
which I can accept, but no one group I can accept totally. | 50:20 | |
Christianity for example, is inadequate | 50:25 | |
because it has suffered too much abuse, | 50:28 | |
it to lies on the bridge which you must cross. | 50:31 | |
Whereas I can accept the idea of a Jesus Christ figure, | 50:35 | |
I cannot accept your idea of him, | 50:39 | |
which is all I have ever known and had to go on. | 50:42 | |
Your God is white and so is his Christ | 50:45 | |
and white is not to be trusted | 50:49 | |
nor can I accept the idea of Allah in the nation of Islam, | 50:51 | |
because he is a reverse Jehovah. | 50:56 | |
My ultimate cannot be partial to color of country, | 50:59 | |
but seeks to incorporate all | 51:03 | |
into one solid being of humanity. | 51:06 | |
It is because I believe that I can believe | 51:09 | |
in ultimate racial justice. | 51:12 | |
There is nothing else I find to see. | 51:15 | |
And I am sure that not very much has been changed | 51:18 | |
by what I have already said, | 51:21 | |
but the fact that it is head and heard | 51:24 | |
must amount to something. | 51:28 | |
I offer no apologies nor ask for any, | 51:30 | |
for the giving and of accepting of them | 51:34 | |
still changes nothing." | 51:38 | |
I too make no apology for reading these words, | 51:41 | |
because they are authentic words | 51:44 | |
from one of our black sisters who finds it hard to speak. | 51:46 | |
It took a whole semester for us | 51:51 | |
to get together enough | 51:54 | |
for her to feel that she could even say that to me. | 51:55 | |
And I don't know whether she trusts me yet, | 51:59 | |
for good reason, perhaps she does not because I am whitey. | 52:01 | |
But what I have said here today | 52:06 | |
is an attempt to pierce in my own mind | 52:09 | |
and in my own heart, the meaning of the title, | 52:13 | |
which I was asked to give for the sermon, | 52:17 | |
"Academe and Passion." | 52:19 | |
Academia means that circle of scholars | 52:21 | |
who seek out wisdom and knowledge | 52:24 | |
in the isolation of a place like this. | 52:27 | |
Passion has the two meanings. | 52:31 | |
The one of the willingness to absorb into the intellect, | 52:33 | |
the place of the heart | 52:37 | |
and the potential for suffering | 52:39 | |
in the name of the Christ who suffered for us. | 52:41 | |
Hail | 52:45 | |
and farewell. | 52:47 | |
Amen. | 52:49 | |
Let us pray. | 52:53 | |
Almighty God, who speaks through the broken words of men | 53:00 | |
who has broken through | 53:05 | |
the broken words of men of the first century, | 53:07 | |
and still speaks to us in those broken words | 53:11 | |
as in the broken words of our own time, | 53:14 | |
help us to see you once more as the God of history | 53:18 | |
who speaks a word to the present situation | 53:23 | |
and asks us individually and then as community | 53:27 | |
to become your body in the world, | 53:32 | |
the body which seeks to love, | 53:36 | |
seeks to hope, | 53:38 | |
seeks to have joy, | 53:40 | |
seeks to be prepared | 53:42 | |
to spread the body of Christ in the world. | 53:44 | |
Forgive us that we have failed you, | 53:48 | |
that we have sensed that your task is far too great. | 53:50 | |
And help us to learn that as we take up your cross, | 53:55 | |
so we find, your yoke is easy and your burden is light. | 54:00 | |
And this we ask in the name of Christ, our Lord. | 54:06 | |
Amen. | 54:11 | |
(instrumental music) | 54:33 | |
(choral music) | 55:00 | |
- | Our Father in our unworthiness | 1:04:07 |
we have been given the gift of grace. | 1:04:09 | |
Our insignificance has been transformed | 1:04:12 | |
into eternal relationship. | 1:04:14 | |
Humble in the midst of this divine mystery, | 1:04:18 | |
we approach the alter with our lives | 1:04:20 | |
and with these symbols of our material abundance. | 1:04:22 | |
Receive us and our gifts into your abiding care. | 1:04:26 | |
Amen. | 1:04:30 | |
(instrumental music) | 1:04:36 | |
(choral music) | 1:05:29 | |
And now may the Lord bless us and keep us. | 1:09:13 | |
The Lord make his face to shine upon us | 1:09:15 | |
and be gracious unto us. | 1:09:17 | |
The Lord lift up his countenance upon us | 1:09:20 | |
and give us peace. | 1:09:23 | |
(choral music) | 1:09:28 | |
(instrumental music) | 1:10:46 |