William Muehl - Sermon Untitled (February 23, 1986)
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Transcript
Transcripts may contain inaccuracies.
| (somber organ music) | 0:03 | |
| (footsteps tapping) | 2:05 | |
| (melancholy organ music) | 2:08 | |
| (mellow organ music) | 3:05 | |
| (footsteps tapping) | 3:50 | |
| (orchestral music) | 3:56 | |
| (footsteps tapping) | 4:45 | |
| (charming organ music) | 4:53 | |
| (upbeat organ music) | 6:10 | |
| (footsteps tapping) | 7:00 | |
| (mellow organ music) | 7:07 | |
| (footsteps tapping) | 8:01 | |
| (mellow organ music) | 8:07 | |
| (footsteps tapping) | 9:08 | |
| (mellow organ music) | 9:12 | |
| (heavy organ music) | 10:10 | |
| (upbeat organ music) | 11:04 | |
| - | Good morning, we welcome you to this service | 12:20 |
| of worship here in the chapel on this second Sunday | 12:22 | |
| in the Holy Season of Lent. | 12:25 | |
| Our James T. Cleland visiting preacher today | 12:29 | |
| is Dr. William Muehl who is the Stephen Merrell Clement | 12:32 | |
| Professor of homiletics at Yale Divinity School. | 12:36 | |
| It is a privilege to have Dr. Muehl with us | 12:41 | |
| here in the chapel and we welcome him to us today. | 12:45 | |
| At three this afternoon, our chapel choir | 12:50 | |
| and orchestra will present Mendelssohn's Elijah. | 12:55 | |
| Tickets will be available beginning at noon today | 12:59 | |
| at Page Box Office, if you have not gotten your tickets, | 13:03 | |
| there are some still available and we hope | 13:06 | |
| that you will join us for this special | 13:09 | |
| presentation as part of the chapel's | 13:12 | |
| 50th anniversary celebration. | 13:14 | |
| Let us continue our worship. | 13:17 | |
| (mumbles) | 13:26 | |
| (clears throat) | 13:42 | |
| ♪ Blessed be the God ♪ | 13:55 | |
| ♪ And Father ♪ | 14:00 | |
| ♪ Of our Lord ♪ | 14:04 | |
| ♪ Jesus Christ ♪ | 14:10 | |
| ♪ Which according to ♪ | 14:18 | |
| ♪ His abundant mercy ♪ | 14:24 | |
| ♪ Hath begotten us again ♪ | 14:35 | |
| ♪ Unto a lively hope ♪ | 14:42 | |
| ♪ By the resurrection ♪ | 14:49 | |
| ♪ Of Jesus Christ ♪ | 14:57 | |
| ♪ From the dead ♪ | 15:03 | |
| (mellow organ music) | 15:14 | |
| (tonal singing) | 15:59 | |
| (heavy organ music) | ||
| - | This is a season of repentance. | 19:51 |
| Reflection and submission, | 19:54 | |
| therefore let us submit ourselves | 19:56 | |
| to God as we confess our sin to God | 19:58 | |
| and one another. | 20:01 | |
| Be seated. | 20:03 | |
| Prayer of confession is number 726. | 20:05 | |
| Almighty and most merciful God who knowest | 20:17 | |
| the thoughts of our hearts, | 20:21 | |
| we confess that we have sinned against thee | 20:24 | |
| and done evil in thy sight. | 20:27 | |
| We have transgressed thy holy laws, | 20:30 | |
| we have neglected thy word and ordinances. | 20:33 | |
| Forgive us, oh Lord, we beseech thee, | 20:37 | |
| and give us grace and power to put away | 20:41 | |
| all hurtful things being delivered | 20:43 | |
| from the bondage of sin, we may bring forth | 20:47 | |
| fruit worthy of repentance and henceforth | 20:50 | |
| may ever walk in thy holy ways. | 20:53 | |
| Through Jesus Christ, our Lord, amen. | 20:56 | |
| Hear the good news, Christ died for us | 21:03 | |
| while we were yet sinners. | 21:07 | |
| That is God's own proof of his love toward us. | 21:10 | |
| In the name of Jesus Christ, you are forgiven. | 21:15 | |
| - | In the name of Jesus Christ, the Lord. | 21:20 |
| - | Amen. | 21:24 |
| - | Let us pray together, the prayer for illumination. | 21:31 |
| Open our hearts and minds, oh God, in this season | 21:37 | |
| of the cross so that as the word is read | 21:41 | |
| and proclaimed, we might hear with joy | 21:45 | |
| what you say to us this day, amen. | 21:49 | |
| Our first lesson is taken from the Book of Genesis. | 21:55 | |
| After these things, the word of the Lord | 22:03 | |
| came to Abram in a vision. | 22:05 | |
| Fear not, Abram, I am your shield. | 22:08 | |
| Your reward shall be very great. | 22:12 | |
| But Abram said, oh Lord God, what will thou | 22:15 | |
| give me, for I continue childless, | 22:20 | |
| and the heir of my house Eliezer of Damascus. | 22:23 | |
| And Abram said, behold, thou has given | 22:27 | |
| me no offspring and a slave born | 22:30 | |
| in my house will be my heir. | 22:33 | |
| And behold, the word of the Lord came to him. | 22:36 | |
| This man shall not be your heir. | 22:40 | |
| Your own son shall be your heir. | 22:43 | |
| And he brought him outside and said, | 22:47 | |
| look toward heaven and number the stars | 22:49 | |
| if you are able to number them. | 22:52 | |
| Then he said to him, so shall your descendants be. | 22:55 | |
| And he believed him, and believed the Lord, | 23:00 | |
| and he reckoned it to him as righteousness. | 23:05 | |
| And he said to him, I am the Lord that brought you | 23:10 | |
| from out of Ur the Caldeans to give you | 23:13 | |
| this land to possess. | 23:15 | |
| But he said, oh Lord God, how am I to know | 23:17 | |
| that I shall possess it? | 23:21 | |
| He said to him, bring me a heifer, three years old, | 23:23 | |
| a she goat, three years old, a ram, three years old, | 23:28 | |
| a turtle dove, and a young pigeon. | 23:32 | |
| And he brought him all these, cut them in two, | 23:36 | |
| and laid each half over against the other. | 23:39 | |
| But he did not cut the birds in two. | 23:43 | |
| And when birds of prey came down upon the carcasses, | 23:46 | |
| Abram drove them away. | 23:49 | |
| As the sun was going down, a deep sleep fell on Abram, | 23:52 | |
| and lo, a dread and great darkness fell upon him. | 23:56 | |
| When the sub had gone down and it was dark, | 24:01 | |
| behold, a smoking fire pot and a flaming torch | 24:04 | |
| passed between these pieces. | 24:08 | |
| On that day, the Lord made a covenant with Abram saying, | 24:11 | |
| to your descendants, I give this land, | 24:16 | |
| from the river of Egypt to the great river, | 24:19 | |
| the river of Euphrates. | 24:23 | |
| This ends the reading of the first lesson. | 24:26 | |
| - | Let us stand for the psalm. | 24:33 |
| Blessed are those whose ways blameless. | 24:44 | |
| - | And walk the law of the Lord. | 24:48 |
| - | Blessed are those who keep his testimonies. | 24:49 |
| - | Seek him with their heart. | 24:53 |
| - | Who also do no wrong. | 24:55 |
| - | Walk in his ways. | 24:58 |
| - | Though has commanded thy precepts to be kept diligently. | 25:00 |
| - | Oh that my ways were established To observe thy statutes. | 25:04 |
| - | Then I shall not be put to shame. | 25:09 |
| - | When I have respect unto all thy commandments. | 25:12 |
| - | I will praise thee with an upright heart. | 25:16 |
| - | When I learn thy righteous judgments. | 25:19 |
| - | I will observe thy statutes. | 25:22 |
| - | Oh forsake me not utterly. | 25:25 |
| - | How can a young one keep his way pure? | 25:28 |
| - | By taking heed thereto according to thy word. | 25:31 |
| - | With my whole heart, I seek thee. | 25:33 |
| - | Oh let me not wander from thy commandments. | 25:36 |
| - | I have laid up thy word in my heart. | 25:39 |
| - | That I might not sin against thee. | 25:43 |
| - | Blessed be thou, oh Lord. | 25:45 |
| - | Teach me thy statutes. | 25:48 |
| - | With my lips, I declare all the ordinances | 25:50 |
| from my mouth. | 25:53 | |
| - | I have rejoiced in the way of thy testimonies | 25:55 |
| - | I will meditate on thy precepts. | 26:00 |
| - | And have respect unto thy ways. | 26:03 |
| - | I will delight in thy statutes. | 26:06 |
| - | I will not forget thy word. | 26:09 |
| - | Be seated. | 26:12 |
| - | Our second letter, lesson, is taken | 26:23 |
| from Paul's letter to the Philippians. | 26:25 | |
| Brethren, join in imitating me and mark | 26:28 | |
| those who so live as you have an example in us, | 26:32 | |
| for many of whom I have often told you | 26:36 | |
| and now tell you even with tears | 26:40 | |
| live as enemies of the cross of Christ. | 26:43 | |
| Their end is destruction, their God is in the belly, | 26:47 | |
| and thy glory in their shame, with minds set | 26:51 | |
| on Earthly things, but our commonwealth is in Heaven. | 26:55 | |
| And from it, we await a savior, the Lord, Jesus Christ, | 27:00 | |
| who is change our lowly body to be like his glorious body. | 27:05 | |
| By the power which enables him even to subject | 27:10 | |
| all things to himself. | 27:13 | |
| Therefore, my brethren whom I love and long for, | 27:17 | |
| my joy and my crown, stand firm thus in the Lord, | 27:21 | |
| my beloved. | 27:26 | |
| This is the end of the second lesson. | 27:29 | |
| (mellow orchestral music) | 27:39 | |
| (tonal singing) | 28:29 | |
| (mellow orchestral music) | ||
| (deep organ music) | 29:23 | |
| (tonal singing) | 30:15 | |
| (mellow orchestral music) | ||
| (operatic singing) | 31:48 | |
| (orchestral music) | ||
| - | The gospel is taken from Luke. | 34:23 |
| At that very hour, some Pharisees came | 34:28 | |
| and said to him, get away from here, | 34:31 | |
| for Herod wants to kill you. | 34:34 | |
| And he said to them, go and tell that fox, | 34:37 | |
| behold, I cats out demons and perform curses | 34:41 | |
| today and tomorrow, and the third day, I finish my course. | 34:45 | |
| Nevertheless, I must go on my way today and tomorrow | 34:51 | |
| and the day following, for it cannot be | 34:55 | |
| that a prophet should perish away from Jerusalem. | 34:58 | |
| Oh, Jerusalem, Jerusalem, killing the prophets | 35:02 | |
| and stoning those who are sent to you. | 35:07 | |
| How often when I have gathered your children | 35:10 | |
| as a hen gathers her brood under her wings, | 35:13 | |
| and you would not. | 35:16 | |
| Behold, your house is forsaken, and I tell you, | 35:20 | |
| you will not see me until you say | 35:25 | |
| blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord. | 35:29 | |
| - | When I hear music of the quality of that | 35:49 |
| that we have heard this morning, | 35:52 | |
| I find new and somewhat depressing meaning | 35:55 | |
| in Paul's words, the foolishness of preaching, | 35:57 | |
| but we do the best with what we have. | 36:02 | |
| Will you join me in a word of prayer? | 36:05 | |
| May the words of our mouths and the meditations | 36:08 | |
| of our hearts be always acceptable | 36:11 | |
| in thy sight, oh Lord, our strength and our redeemer. | 36:13 | |
| Amen. | 36:18 | |
| And Abram believed the Lord, and the Lord | 36:22 | |
| reckoned it to him as righteousness. | 36:27 | |
| And Abram believed the Lord, and the Lord | 36:32 | |
| reckoned it to him as righteousness. | 36:35 | |
| A few years ago, I spoke at a corporate communion | 36:40 | |
| breakfast sponsored by a council of churches | 36:44 | |
| in central Pennsylvania. | 36:46 | |
| The ecumenical spirit was strong in that community, | 36:49 | |
| and there were representatives of many denominations | 36:52 | |
| taking part in the occasion. | 36:56 | |
| As I chatted with my host who was | 36:59 | |
| the chairman of the breakfast, | 37:02 | |
| he pointed to a middle-aged man who was | 37:04 | |
| obviously at the center of all the action that morning. | 37:07 | |
| He was carrying trays, directing other waiters, | 37:10 | |
| exhorting the cooks and so on. | 37:12 | |
| That's Amos Schmidt, my friend said. | 37:15 | |
| He's one of the leading Lutheran laymen | 37:18 | |
| in this town. | 37:21 | |
| A real fireball in municipal affairs. | 37:23 | |
| He's on the Board of Education, he's a guiding spirit | 37:27 | |
| in our program of downtown renewal. | 37:31 | |
| He singlehandedly sold the city council | 37:35 | |
| on setting up a soup kitchen and a house | 37:38 | |
| of hospitality for street people. | 37:40 | |
| And in his spare time, he coaches a racially integrated | 37:44 | |
| little league team. | 37:48 | |
| Now he's my idea of a real Christian. | 37:51 | |
| Well for reasons which will become clear, | 37:58 | |
| I sought out Amos Schmidt and cornered him | 37:59 | |
| when the breakfast had ended. | 38:03 | |
| And made a point of chatting with him | 38:05 | |
| for a few minutes. | 38:07 | |
| I'm told, I said, that you are a splendid example | 38:09 | |
| of Christian responsibility in the community. | 38:12 | |
| That you sacrifice most of your leisure time | 38:16 | |
| in doing good works and that the people | 38:19 | |
| of the town feel beholden to you | 38:23 | |
| on may accounts. | 38:25 | |
| Why? | 38:28 | |
| As a staunch Lutheran, you must believe | 38:30 | |
| that you are saved by faith and not by works. | 38:32 | |
| Why bother doing so much? | 38:37 | |
| Is it simply to show your gratitude to God | 38:40 | |
| for the unearned gift of grace? | 38:43 | |
| Well Mr. Schmidt made all the disclaimers | 38:48 | |
| required of any reasonably modest person | 38:51 | |
| in such a situation. | 38:53 | |
| But when he saw that I meant the question | 38:56 | |
| to be taken seriously, he thought for a moment | 38:58 | |
| and then said, reflectively, "I suppose | 39:01 | |
| "that I believe in justification by faith | 39:04 | |
| "and not works, that's certainly what my church teaches. | 39:07 | |
| "I guess I believe in it.but..." | 39:11 | |
| And here he made a great show of looking around | 39:15 | |
| to see whether his Pastor was within earshot. | 39:17 | |
| And then he concluded, "but I figure, why take a chance?" | 39:21 | |
| (attendees laugh) | 39:26 | |
| Now this conversation dramatizes for me, | 39:32 | |
| one of the more serious problems of Christian | 39:35 | |
| faith in our time. | 39:37 | |
| Most of our churches teach that we are justified | 39:41 | |
| by faith and not by works. | 39:43 | |
| Paul proclaimed the doctrine so emphatically | 39:47 | |
| that one contemporary theologian has called it, | 39:50 | |
| "the heartbeat of Paul's gospel." | 39:52 | |
| And Paul makes our text this morning, | 39:56 | |
| the central pillar of his conviction in this matter. | 39:58 | |
| As Abram was justified by his belief in God's promises, | 40:03 | |
| so is every believer made in error of grace | 40:06 | |
| by faith and not by works. | 40:09 | |
| While many theologians insist upon defining | 40:13 | |
| the terms in the equation in their own | 40:16 | |
| special ways, very few of them fail | 40:18 | |
| to affirm that doctrine in one form or another. | 40:22 | |
| You are justified by faith and not by works. | 40:26 | |
| But it's been my experience that in spite | 40:32 | |
| of the enthusiasm of theologians for the formula, | 40:34 | |
| few laymen and women really understand and accept | 40:37 | |
| it's thesis. | 40:41 | |
| Oh and Bible classes and in confirmation ceremonies, | 40:42 | |
| they will give formal ascent to the idea | 40:46 | |
| that they are saved by their faith. | 40:48 | |
| In their roles as members of Christian congregations, | 40:52 | |
| or when the minister in his or her official capacity | 40:56 | |
| calls upon them in their homes, | 40:59 | |
| they probably nod a vague ascent if the full | 41:01 | |
| efficacy of faith is mentioned. | 41:05 | |
| But because of my professional interest | 41:08 | |
| in problems of Christian communication, | 41:10 | |
| I have, over the past 35 years, | 41:13 | |
| raised the question that I put to Amos Schmidt | 41:16 | |
| raised that question with a great many people | 41:18 | |
| in contexts free from atmospheric pressure | 41:21 | |
| of one kind and another. | 41:25 | |
| And I have encountered a disturbing confusion | 41:27 | |
| about that central teaching of the faith. | 41:30 | |
| Indeed, it has become a commonplace for scholars | 41:35 | |
| in both religion and psychology | 41:37 | |
| that even people whose denominational theology | 41:39 | |
| puts special emphasis upon justification by faith, | 41:43 | |
| even such people tend to be caught up | 41:47 | |
| in a work ethic of one kind or another, | 41:49 | |
| as much so as their non-Christian neighbors. | 41:52 | |
| So widespread and obvious has this phenomenon | 41:57 | |
| proven to be, that a thoughtful commentator | 41:59 | |
| has christened it the Central Paradox | 42:02 | |
| of Christian Life. | 42:06 | |
| When this kind of confusion occurs | 42:10 | |
| about some significant doctrine of the faith, | 42:12 | |
| the tendency of theologians and ecclesiastical | 42:15 | |
| leaders is generally to put the blame | 42:18 | |
| upon the laity, to attribute its misunderstanding | 42:20 | |
| to simple ignorance or an infirmity of commitment. | 42:24 | |
| And surely there is enough of these things among us | 42:29 | |
| to account for most of the problems of the church | 42:31 | |
| in this or any age. | 42:34 | |
| But it is, I have become persuaded, | 42:38 | |
| not only inaccurate, but irresponsible | 42:40 | |
| to ignore the complexity of this particular | 42:42 | |
| lay ambivalence. | 42:46 | |
| People like Amos Schmidt, who are doctrinaLly pledged | 42:49 | |
| to justification by faith, but uneasy | 42:53 | |
| about depending on it, unwilling | 42:56 | |
| to take a chance, as he put it, such people | 42:58 | |
| represent the problem not only | 43:01 | |
| for the integrity of Christian theology, | 43:04 | |
| but for the health of all human community. | 43:06 | |
| For, while a straightforward rejection | 43:10 | |
| of the doctrine such as one might | 43:13 | |
| find in Unitarians or Quakers, while such | 43:15 | |
| an honest denial of the doctrine can lead | 43:19 | |
| to lives deeply committed to responsible living, | 43:22 | |
| the half and half stance of the more orthodox | 43:27 | |
| can have deeply disturbing consequences | 43:30 | |
| for all aspects of human behavior, | 43:33 | |
| both religious and secular. | 43:35 | |
| Let me illustrate what I mean | 43:39 | |
| and then comment on it a bit. | 43:41 | |
| About a year ago, while laid low | 43:44 | |
| by an attack of the flu, I passed | 43:46 | |
| the dragging hours watching some daytime television drama. | 43:49 | |
| And in one of these shows, a group of people | 43:54 | |
| was seen discussing a woman known to all of them | 43:57 | |
| and known to be a woman of easy virtue. | 44:01 | |
| One of the characters said with considerable | 44:05 | |
| vehement, why, she's a prostitute. | 44:08 | |
| To which one of the other people present | 44:11 | |
| responded with a kind of righteous indignation, | 44:13 | |
| prostitute is what she does, not what she is. | 44:17 | |
| And one could tell from the approving smiles | 44:23 | |
| and nods of the other people in the scene | 44:25 | |
| that this was the message that the writer | 44:27 | |
| of the script intended to get over that day. | 44:29 | |
| Prostitute is what she does, not what she is. | 44:32 | |
| Here, we see injected into the drama | 44:39 | |
| the notion that one who does the works of prostitution | 44:42 | |
| is not necessarily a prostitute. | 44:46 | |
| And the people who agreed with the speaker's comment | 44:50 | |
| to that effect drew a heavy line between | 44:52 | |
| being and doing, and in the process | 44:55 | |
| they distilled what I have come | 44:59 | |
| to regard as the critical malaise of our time. | 45:00 | |
| Now, this dialogue that I have quoted | 45:07 | |
| is simply one manifestation of a trend | 45:09 | |
| that began long ago, back in the 30's, | 45:11 | |
| to my personal knowledge, and perhaps to before that. | 45:14 | |
| The drama critic, George G Nathan once complained | 45:18 | |
| that he was getting sick of plays | 45:21 | |
| in which the leading character is | 45:23 | |
| the philosophical bartender, a bank robber | 45:26 | |
| who loves canaries, or a prostitute | 45:29 | |
| with a heart of gold. | 45:32 | |
| This last was called by Nathan, the cosmic tart. | 45:34 | |
| (laughing) | 45:38 | |
| Now, anyone reasonably familiar | 45:41 | |
| with the theater in recent times | 45:43 | |
| will understand the phenomenon | 45:45 | |
| about which the critic was speaking. | 45:47 | |
| Here is a play in which the protagonist is a man | 45:50 | |
| who spends his life selling rotgut, | 45:52 | |
| but every time he serves a child under | 45:56 | |
| the age of 10, he leans across the bar | 45:58 | |
| and says, sonny, there's better things in life | 46:00 | |
| than booze, you know. | 46:03 | |
| Or here's the one who makes a living | 46:06 | |
| cracking other people's safes, | 46:07 | |
| but rushes into the flames of his burning hotel | 46:09 | |
| room at the risk of his life to save | 46:12 | |
| the life of his canary. | 46:15 | |
| Or the woman of the streets who sells | 46:18 | |
| herself over and over again in rituals | 46:21 | |
| of commercial sex, but over her bed, | 46:24 | |
| she keeps a picture of Mahatma Gandhi | 46:27 | |
| and reads Santiana in her spare time. | 46:29 | |
| (laughing) | 46:31 | |
| Now, one can see this same process | 46:34 | |
| working itself out in contemporary fashion in the films. | 46:36 | |
| We have in Western drama and detective stories, | 46:41 | |
| for example, a plethora of plots whose dynamic | 46:44 | |
| is depicted in the eccentric movement | 46:47 | |
| of some basically corrupt character | 46:50 | |
| into a short season of-- | 46:54 |
| - | You're familiar with this theme, I'm sure. | 0:04 |
| Some person or town is in trouble, | 0:06 | |
| and when help is requested from the law abiding, | 0:09 | |
| church going, child raising, | 0:12 | |
| tax paying members of the community | 0:13 | |
| they all straight way begin to make excuse, | 0:15 | |
| as the new testament might put it. | 0:18 | |
| So called decent people crumble | 0:20 | |
| in the face of whatever danger impends. | 0:23 | |
| And then just as all seems lost, | 0:26 | |
| there emerges from the tavern or saloon | 0:29 | |
| some hard drinking, womanizing, | 0:31 | |
| profane and irresponsible local derelict. | 0:33 | |
| For one reason or another, | 0:38 | |
| the interest of this degenerate is piqued | 0:39 | |
| by the menace in the air, | 0:41 | |
| and while the honest citizens | 0:44 | |
| shrink in fear from the challenge, | 0:45 | |
| he or she goes out to meet it and saves the day. | 0:48 | |
| Sometimes this strange hero is a gun slinging cowboy | 0:53 | |
| of the Clint Eastwood genre. | 0:56 | |
| Sometimes it is the marginally honest | 0:59 | |
| private eye like Mike Hammer. | 1:02 | |
| Often it is the dance hall hostess | 1:05 | |
| who moonlights in the rooms above the saloon. | 1:07 | |
| But each of them delivers the same message. | 1:11 | |
| Being and doing are grammatically separable. | 1:14 | |
| What one is as a person is no dependable indicator | 1:17 | |
| of what one will do in particular circumstances, | 1:22 | |
| and what one does as an agent | 1:25 | |
| bears little relationship to what one is in whole. | 1:27 | |
| Patently honest men and women usually | 1:34 | |
| let the side down in a crisis. | 1:36 | |
| Patently dishonest men and women | 1:38 | |
| are capable of splendid courage | 1:40 | |
| and selfless sacrifice in the pinch. | 1:42 | |
| "But she's a prostitute," said one of the characters | 1:48 | |
| in the soap opera. | 1:50 | |
| "Prostitute is what she does, not what she is," | 1:52 | |
| replied another indignantly. | 1:56 | |
| Now I mean to suggest here that at the root | 2:00 | |
| of this kind of fairy tale | 2:02 | |
| there lies a vulgarized version | 2:03 | |
| of the doctrine of justification by faith alone. | 2:06 | |
| You see when Paul stated this doctrine | 2:10 | |
| and tied it into the line from Genesis | 2:13 | |
| that is our text this morning, | 2:16 | |
| he was working from what might be called | 2:18 | |
| a unified concept of human being. | 2:21 | |
| He saw the flow of action in history | 2:25 | |
| as moving from believing to being to doing. | 2:27 | |
| What people believed determined what they were. | 2:32 | |
| What they were determined what they did. | 2:35 | |
| For him, the behavior of any man or woman | 2:39 | |
| could be traced back first to character and then belief, | 2:42 | |
| but the dynamic of the relationship among them | 2:45 | |
| moved dependably from believing to acting. | 2:48 | |
| So when the apostle speaks of justification by faith, | 2:54 | |
| he is establishing the primacy | 2:57 | |
| of the individual's self understanding | 2:59 | |
| as a child and as one who trusts in God. | 3:02 | |
| He is arguing that works which are not | 3:06 | |
| organically rooted in being | 3:08 | |
| and believing are meaningless | 3:11 | |
| in the pattern of salvation. | 3:14 | |
| One is not saved in any significant sense | 3:16 | |
| by isolated virtues which commend themselves | 3:19 | |
| on purely pragmatic or prudential grounds. | 3:22 | |
| Now if one thinks of salvation in legalistic terms, | 3:28 | |
| that is, if one sees salvation | 3:31 | |
| as some sort of legalistic bookkeeping only, | 3:33 | |
| if to be justified means simply to be lifted by God | 3:37 | |
| from the debit side of some heavenly ledger | 3:41 | |
| and put down by God on the credit side | 3:43 | |
| of that heavenly ledger, | 3:45 | |
| with no substantive rearrangement | 3:48 | |
| of the component elements of personality, | 3:50 | |
| if one believes that to be the nature | 3:54 | |
| of justification then the idea that human actions | 3:56 | |
| are meaningless without a fundamental commitment | 4:00 | |
| and trust in God must surely seem unreasonable, | 4:04 | |
| arbitrary, even grossly unfair. | 4:08 | |
| Why should noble deeds, | 4:12 | |
| if done in sufficient quantities, | 4:14 | |
| be so utterly irrelevant to our salvation? | 4:16 | |
| But if, on the other hand, one sees salvation | 4:22 | |
| as something which reflects itself | 4:25 | |
| in the total quality of a human life, | 4:27 | |
| if to be changed, saved, is to be changed | 4:31 | |
| so substantially that all of life | 4:34 | |
| is viewed and understood | 4:37 | |
| in a radically different fashion, | 4:39 | |
| then it becomes obvious, does it not, | 4:42 | |
| that the starting point in the process | 4:44 | |
| must be commitment to a divinely ordained origin | 4:47 | |
| and purpose for human existence? | 4:51 | |
| Then faith becomes something which is commended | 4:54 | |
| not because it pleases the vanity of God | 4:57 | |
| or changes entries in the book of Heaven, | 5:00 | |
| but because it engenders that whole souled | 5:04 | |
| understanding of life, | 5:06 | |
| which makes for the total transformation | 5:09 | |
| of being and doing. | 5:13 | |
| Amos Schmidt, the Lutheran layman in Pennsylvania, | 5:17 | |
| who wanted to play it safe | 5:19 | |
| by confessing faith and storing up good works, | 5:21 | |
| Amos is an excellent representation of our age. | 5:25 | |
| We have trouble with the doctrine | 5:29 | |
| of justification by faith | 5:31 | |
| because we cannot seem to interpret | 5:33 | |
| it in anything but jurisprudential theology. | 5:35 | |
| That is, we've been taught to see it | 5:38 | |
| as a kind of contractual relationship with God. | 5:40 | |
| If I have faith, God will reward me | 5:44 | |
| with salvation in the end. | 5:47 | |
| It's as simple as that. | 5:50 | |
| And so one does a successful end run | 5:53 | |
| around history. | 5:56 | |
| I said a moment ago that this vulgarized version | 5:59 | |
| of justification constitutes | 6:02 | |
| one of the most serious problems of faith in our time, | 6:04 | |
| for the modern world specializes | 6:08 | |
| in the separation of believing, being, and doing. | 6:09 | |
| Many of its purposes, both good and ill, | 6:14 | |
| both majestic and depraved, | 6:16 | |
| are facilitated by the compartmentalizing | 6:19 | |
| of human personality. | 6:22 | |
| Society longs to believe that one can, for example, | 6:25 | |
| act ruthlessly as an employer | 6:29 | |
| and be a truly good neighbor. | 6:32 | |
| Act deceitfully as a lawyer and be a successful parent. | 6:35 | |
| Act the no questions asked, | 6:41 | |
| my country right or wrong citizen, | 6:43 | |
| and be a devout Christian. | 6:46 | |
| Our society seeks in multitudinous ways | 6:49 | |
| to fragment personality, | 6:52 | |
| to sever acting from being | 6:54 | |
| and to sever both acting and being from believing. | 6:56 | |
| This is why the popular culture is so replete | 7:01 | |
| with symbols of the achievement in fictional form. | 7:04 | |
| This is why we are given regiments | 7:07 | |
| of winsome confidence men, lovable degenerates, | 7:09 | |
| and noble whores. | 7:12 | |
| These and their legions of clones, | 7:14 | |
| in both fiction and real life | 7:16 | |
| are eloquent testimony to the conviction | 7:18 | |
| that human personality is divisible | 7:22 | |
| into discrete and convenient compartments, | 7:24 | |
| each with its own set of rules | 7:27 | |
| and its own set of goals. | 7:29 | |
| One plays to win in each arena. | 7:31 | |
| Action aims at success, | 7:34 | |
| corrupting neither being nor belief. | 7:37 | |
| Being remains a smug center of self esteem | 7:40 | |
| uninhibited by belief, | 7:43 | |
| and belief constitutes an endless flow | 7:45 | |
| of redemptive energies to be called upon | 7:49 | |
| as needed and convenient. | 7:52 | |
| And all the while the watchword of the age | 7:56 | |
| is that line from a television soap opera, | 7:58 | |
| "Prostitute is what she does, not what she is." | 8:01 | |
| Now it would be easy, and for preachers rewarding, | 8:07 | |
| to see this corruption of personality | 8:10 | |
| as something inflicted upon the race | 8:12 | |
| by its inherent sinfulness. | 8:15 | |
| It would be easy to cluck our tongues | 8:17 | |
| and allow as how even the most majestic creation | 8:19 | |
| of God can be tainted by human depravity, | 8:22 | |
| but that would be to confound the confusion, | 8:26 | |
| not elucidate the problem. | 8:29 | |
| At the center of this contemporary heresy | 8:31 | |
| is the determination to cling | 8:34 | |
| to our legalistic concept of what salvation means. | 8:36 | |
| Men and women cannot bear to see their lives | 8:41 | |
| defined as meaningless in the eyes of God. | 8:44 | |
| Men and women cannot accept the notion | 8:48 | |
| that what they do is utterly without significance | 8:50 | |
| in the process of justification. | 8:54 | |
| They are demoralized by the news, | 8:56 | |
| so often mistaken for the Gospel, | 8:58 | |
| that their work and works are solely consequences | 9:00 | |
| and in no sense causal elements | 9:04 | |
| of their ultimate destiny. | 9:06 | |
| So they surrender to the fragmentation | 9:10 | |
| of personality and permit action | 9:12 | |
| to engender its own values and dynamics, | 9:15 | |
| rather than accept salvation as a gift | 9:19 | |
| which demeans all of life. | 9:23 | |
| Nicholai Berdyaev spoke of one aspect | 9:27 | |
| of it well when he said, | 9:30 | |
| "The demonic materialism of the western world | 9:32 | |
| "is the product of a protestant theology | 9:36 | |
| "which has so persuaded people | 9:38 | |
| "that they cannot by their lives | 9:40 | |
| "lay up treasure in Heaven, | 9:42 | |
| "that they proceed to do the next best thing | 9:44 | |
| "and lay up all the treasure possible | 9:47 | |
| "here on Earth." | 9:49 | |
| Amos Schmidt will go on professing his belief | 9:52 | |
| in justification by faith, | 9:55 | |
| all the while laying up for himself | 9:57 | |
| a store of brownie points and looking | 9:59 | |
| over his shoulder to see that his pastor | 10:02 | |
| is not within earshot when he speaks | 10:04 | |
| the truth about it all. | 10:06 | |
| He and millions like him will struggle to serve | 10:08 | |
| two or three masters rather than admit | 10:11 | |
| that life is without ultimate meaning, | 10:13 | |
| and this will go on and on and on | 10:17 | |
| as the unending disgrace of faith | 10:19 | |
| and a font of corruption to society, | 10:21 | |
| so long as we cling | 10:24 | |
| to a legalistic concept of salvation, | 10:25 | |
| which makes it quite independent | 10:28 | |
| of the total transformation of human personality. | 10:30 | |
| Some years ago a group of parents | 10:36 | |
| stood in the lobby of a nursery school | 10:39 | |
| waiting to pick up their children | 10:41 | |
| after the last class before the Christmas recess. | 10:43 | |
| As the kids ran from the classrooms, | 10:48 | |
| each one held in his or her hands | 10:50 | |
| the brightly wrapped package that was the surprise, | 10:52 | |
| the gift on which the kids | 10:56 | |
| had been working for some weeks | 10:58 | |
| leading up to Christmas. | 10:59 | |
| One little boy tried to put on his coat, | 11:02 | |
| carry the surprise, wave to his parents, | 11:06 | |
| all at the same time, and the inevitable happened. | 11:08 | |
| He slipped and fell and the surprise broke | 11:12 | |
| with an obvious ceramic crash on the tile floor. | 11:16 | |
| For a moment he was too stunned to speak or cry, | 11:20 | |
| but then he sent up an inconsolable lament. | 11:24 | |
| Well his father, in an effort to comfort his son, | 11:29 | |
| but also to try to mitigate | 11:33 | |
| the embarrassment of those present, | 11:34 | |
| went over to him and patted him | 11:38 | |
| on the head and said, | 11:40 | |
| "Now son, it really doesn't matter. | 11:41 | |
| "it's not important son, it really doesn't matter." | 11:44 | |
| But the child's mother, | 11:48 | |
| somewhat wiser in such affairs, | 11:49 | |
| went to the child's side, knelt on the floor, | 11:52 | |
| took her son in her arms and said, | 11:56 | |
| "Oh but it does matter, it matters a great deal," | 11:57 | |
| and she wept with the child. | 12:02 | |
| Our God is not the careless parent | 12:06 | |
| who casually pats us on the head | 12:08 | |
| in the middle of our struggle and conflict | 12:10 | |
| and pain and says just remember, | 12:13 | |
| it doesn't matter, it's not important. | 12:14 | |
| You are justified by your faith. | 12:17 | |
| What happens to you and what you do, | 12:19 | |
| these things are not important at all. | 12:21 | |
| Our God is the parent who falls | 12:24 | |
| to the round beside us, | 12:25 | |
| takes up our torn and bleeding spirits, | 12:28 | |
| and says oh but it does matter. | 12:32 | |
| It matters eternally. | 12:35 | |
| Amen. | 12:40 | |
| (organ music) | 12:45 | |
| - | Let us affirm our faith. | 16:30 |
| I believe in God, the Father almighty, | 16:33 | |
| maker of Heaven and Earth, | 16:36 | |
| and in Jesus Christ, his only son, our Lord, | 16:38 | |
| who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, | 16:42 | |
| born of the virgin Mary, | 16:44 | |
| suffered under Pontius Pilate, | 16:47 | |
| was crucified, dead and buried. | 16:49 | |
| The third day he rose from the dead. | 16:52 | |
| He ascended into Heaven, | 16:55 | |
| and sitteth at right hand of God, the Father almighty. | 16:57 | |
| From thence he shall come to judge | 17:01 | |
| the quick and the dead. | 17:03 | |
| I believe in the Holy Spirit, | 17:05 | |
| the Holy Catholic church, | 17:07 | |
| the communion of saints, | 17:09 | |
| the forgiveness of sins, | 17:11 | |
| the resurrection of the body, | 17:13 | |
| and the life everlasting. | 17:15 | |
| Amen. | 17:17 | |
| - | The Lord be with you. | 17:19 |
| - | And also with you. | 17:20 |
| - | Let us pray. | 17:22 |
| That it may please Thee to strengthen | 17:37 | |
| and enlarge Thy holy church in every land, | 17:39 | |
| and to unite all those who profess | 17:43 | |
| and call themselves Christians, | 17:45 | |
| that Thy church may strive, not only for its safety, | 17:48 | |
| but for the world's salvation. | 17:53 | |
| Lord, hear our prayer. | 17:56 | |
| That Thy church may proclaim the Gospel | 18:00 | |
| throughout the whole Earth, | 18:03 | |
| that Thou would grant to all of its ministries | 18:06 | |
| of Thy ord and sacraments, | 18:09 | |
| the spirit of wisdom and power and love. | 18:11 | |
| Lord, hear our prayer. | 18:16 | |
| That Thou would give to all people grace | 18:20 | |
| to understand and to believe Thy word | 18:23 | |
| and to show forth their faith | 18:26 | |
| in their deeds and in their daily lives. | 18:29 | |
| Lord, hear our prayer. | 18:33 | |
| That Thou would remove from us all hatred, | 18:37 | |
| prejudice and narrowness of thought, | 18:40 | |
| so that we may rejoice in all that Thou dost reveal. | 18:43 | |
| That Thou would so guide us | 18:47 | |
| in all perplexities of belief and conduct, | 18:49 | |
| that we may hold fast that which is true | 18:53 | |
| and faithfully confess Thee before the world. | 18:57 | |
| Lord, hear our prayer. | 19:00 | |
| That regardless of the praise | 19:04 | |
| or the contempt of the world, | 19:06 | |
| Thy church may worship Thee in spirit and truth. | 19:08 | |
| Lord, hear our prayer. | 19:13 | |
| And as we pray for the church universal, | 19:16 | |
| so let us pray for God's blessing | 19:20 | |
| on the church in this place. | 19:22 | |
| Here, in this chapel, may the faithful | 19:25 | |
| find salvation and the careless be awakened. | 19:29 | |
| That here, may the tempted find help | 19:34 | |
| and the sorrowful comfort. | 19:37 | |
| May the sick and the suffering find wholeness, | 19:40 | |
| particularly we pray for Ed, and Saleh, | 19:45 | |
| and Taylor, and John, | 19:49 | |
| and all others who are ill, | 19:52 | |
| that they may be strengthened. | 19:54 | |
| Lord, hear our prayer. | 19:57 | |
| That here may the weary find rest | 20:02 | |
| and the strong be renewed, | 20:04 | |
| here may the aged find peace | 20:07 | |
| and the young be inspired. | 20:09 | |
| Lord, hear our prayer. | 20:12 | |
| These we pray in the name of our Lord and Savior, | 20:16 | |
| who not only loved us but came and died for us. | 20:22 | |
| Lord, hear our prayer. | 20:26 | |
| Amen. | 20:29 | |
| As a grateful people, let us show forth our faith, | 20:32 | |
| where there are acts of charity and gratitude, | 20:36 | |
| let us offer ourselves and our gifts to God. | 20:39 | |
| (organ music) | 20:51 | |
| ♪ Jesus is my Joy, my All, ♪ | 23:10 | |
| ♪ He for me His life hath given ♪ | 23:20 | |
| ♪ I am His, I hear His call ♪ | 23:29 | |
| ♪ He hath writ my name in heaven ♪ | 23:39 | |
| ♪ Earthly treasures pass away ♪ | 23:49 | |
| ♪ Jesus I will love for aye ♪ | 23:58 | |
| ♪ In my Jesus I am blessed ♪ | 24:17 | |
| ♪ He to pleasant pastures leads me ♪ | 24:27 | |
| ♪ Stills my soul and gives it rest ♪ | 24:38 | |
| ♪ And with heavenly manna feeds me ♪ | 24:48 | |
| ♪ Earthly things must fade and fall ♪ | 24:58 | |
| ♪ Jesus is my Life, my All ♪ | 25:08 | |
| - | Gracious God, accept these our gifts | 28:07 |
| as a reasonable and holy surrender | 28:11 | |
| of ourselves to You and Your work. | 28:13 | |
| Praying Our Father, who art in Heaven, | 28:17 | |
| hallowed be Thy name. | 28:21 | |
| Thy kingdom come, | 28:23 | |
| thy will be done on Earth | 28:24 | |
| as it is in Heaven. | 28:26 | |
| Give us this day our daily bread | 28:28 | |
| and forgive us our trespasses, | 28:31 | |
| as we forgive those who trespass against us. | 28:33 | |
| And lead us not into temptation, | 28:36 | |
| but deliver us from evil. | 28:39 | |
| For Thine is the kingdom, and the power, | 28:41 | |
| and the glory forever. | 28:43 | |
| Amen. | 28:45 | |
| (organ music) | 28:48 | |
| The grace of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, | 33:05 | |
| the love of God and the fellowship | 33:07 | |
| of the Holy Spirit be with you now and always. | 33:09 | |
| ♪ Amen, Amen ♪ | 33:18 | |
| ♪ Amen ♪ | 33:28 | |
| (organ music) | 33:49 |
Item Info
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