﻿WEBVTT

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<v ->Good Friday service, Duke Chapel, April 13th, 1979.</v>

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(organ music)

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<v ->Would you please rise.</v>

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Christ himself bore our sins in his body on the tree.

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Died to sin and lived to righteousness.

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Blessed and praised be God, our redeemer,

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who has so loved us and our world,

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whose only son was sent into our midst

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to make us children of God

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and heirs to the promise of life everlasting.

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The lord be with you.

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(organ music)

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All mighty God, on the cross we see the pain and sorrow

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which we have inflicted upon you

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and upon one another.

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We confess that we have strayed from your ways.

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We have broken you commandments,

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we have betrayed you love through our disordered

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and self-centered lives.

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Lord have mercy upon us so that we might be lifted up

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and drawn to you in order to live

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in righteousness and service.

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Hear these comfortable words from the scriptures.

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For God so loved the world that he gave his only son

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that whoever believes in him should not perish,

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but have eternal life.

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In the name of Jesus Christ, you are forgiven.

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In the name of Jesus Christ.

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(organ music)

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<v ->From the gospel of Luke,</v>

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and when they came to the place, which is called the skull,

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there they crucified him.

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And the criminals, one on the right,

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and one on the left.

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And Jesus said, "Father, forgive them,

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"for they know not what they do."

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And they cast lots to divide his garments.

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And the people stood by, watching.

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But the rulers scoffed at him, saying,

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"He saved others, let him save himself,

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"if he is the Christ of God, his Chosen One."

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The soldiers also mocked him,

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coming up and offering him vinegar and saying,

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"if you are the king of the Jews save yourself."

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There was also an inscription over him,

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this is the king of the Jews.

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One of the criminals who was hanged,

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railed at him, saying, "Are you not the Christ?

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"Save yourself, and us."

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But the other rebuked him, saying "Do you not fear God,

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"since you are under the same sentence of condemnation,

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"and we, indeed, justly.

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"For we are receiving the due reward of our deeds.

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"But this man has done nothing wrong."

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And he said, "Jesus, remember me when you come

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"in your kingly power.

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And he said to them, "Truly, I say to you,

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"today, you will be with me in Paradise."

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It was now about the sixth hour,

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and there was darkness over the whole land,

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until the ninth hour, while the sun's light failed

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and the curtain of the temple was torn in two.

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Then Jesus, crying with a loud voice, said,

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"Father, into thy hands, I commit my spirit."

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And having said this, his breathed his last.

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(singing of hymns)

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On this day, we contemplate the Cross.

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It stands out as our most difficult moment

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of the Christian year.

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We aren't quite sure how we're supposed to feel.

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It doesn't seem like a good day.

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We want Easter to come, so that we can sense victory,

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instead of the seeming defeat of the cross.

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A crucified Messiah, is still somewhat a stumbling block

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to our sense of the world.

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We want our savior to act like a savior,

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to be in control of things.

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We're used to great drama,

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powerful speeches, stirring events.

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But a cross?

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It was an ugly death,

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the most vicious of Roman executions.

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We can't make it fit neatly into our religious

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and cultural practices.

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It ruffles our pride in humanity.

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A savior hanging on a piece of wood,

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outside of the city, is not our kind of glory.

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It's not our style.

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Yes, we recognize the significance of pain, suffering.

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But, too often, we trivialize the cross.

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We think that we have found the right way

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to feel about pitying the poor Jesus,

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who ran into the wrong crowd.

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He could have avoided it, we think,

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if he had only been more careful about his method.

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Every time I watch one of the movies

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of Jesus' life, such as NBC's Jesus of Nazareth,

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I always find myself wanting Jesus

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to do it all differently.

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I want him to amaze the Jewish council.

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I was him to dazzle Pontius Pilate.

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I want him to really defend himself.

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Be persuasive, Jesus.

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Show them your stuff.

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But it always turns out the same.

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The march to Cavalry and the Crucifixion

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strike a blow of my sense of how to influence people.

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And then I realize, we want Jesus to be approved of

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by the council, because we want our fellow Christians

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to tell us how nice we are.

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We want Pilate to think he was okay,

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because we know that power comes about

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when you know the right people.

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We want the angry mob to cheer for Jesus

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instead of for Barabbus, because we want to be accepted

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by our peers.

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Crucifixion doesn't fit like resurrection does.

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It seems like defeat.

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And defeat is a way that we would not choose.

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But God's way is a different way than our way.

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Only by contemplating the cross,

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do we recognize that the message of Christ

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has not been our way.

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The same forces which worked to bring about his death,

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are forces which we participate in.

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In a sense, we may crucify him daily.

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We may be the least of God's people,

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if we are so bound by our culture,

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our political and commercial arrangements,

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and even our very own religious traditions.

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These were the same forces which brought about Jesus' death.

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But this was the only way

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in which we could see God's fundamental principle

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of love in its fullest expression.

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For God so loved the world, that the son was given.

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The cross brings judgment upon us,

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because it forces us to realize that we do not always live

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by the standard of love.

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And in this realization, there lies our salvation.

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Our pride, our motives, our designs tend

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towards self-affirmation at the expense of others.

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Christ has died for our sins, not because he has struck

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some sort of bargain with God.

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But in suffering as God-incarnate,

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he has brought about our own redemption.

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Our redemption lies in our acceptance

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of the love of God, reaching out to us from the cross.

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And making that love our basis for living.

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In giving of ourselves, as Christ has given himself

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for us, we live the abundant life of which he taught.

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Our contemplation of the cross forces us

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to realize that our hope does not lie with

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ourselves, but in God who endured the very destruction

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which we create for ourselves.

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The late Reinhold Niebuhr wrote that, "If God is love,

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"rather than power, it follows that he gains his victories

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"by pain, rather than by force."

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We call this Good Friday because of the redemptive work

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which God has done in Christ, through the cross.

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The verse from Luke tells us that Jesus,

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crying with a loud voice, said, "Father, into thy hands

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"I commit my spirit."

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As we accept the redemption and freedom which the cross

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offers to us, let us cry out,

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oh loving God,

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"into thy hands, we commit our spirits,

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Amen.

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(singing of hymns)

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<v ->For almost 2000 years,</v>

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the cross has been the chief symbol of Christians.

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But about the first three centuries

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of the early Christian church, the cross was not used

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as a public symbol.

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And there are two reasons for that.

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First,

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by non-Christians, the cross was looked

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upon as a very degrading death,

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even by the Christians themselves.

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And secondly, the cross was such a symbol

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of the vigor and the growth of Christianity in those days,

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that it was desecrated very often by non-Christians.

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But privately, and theologically, and liturgically,

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the cross has always been

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the premiere symbol of Christianity.

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And it was natural and logical that the instrument

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of our salvation, should become an object

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of special veneration.

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It is clear that devotion to the cross,

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beginning with the epistles of Paul,

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who mentions it many, many times,

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was not chiefly concentrated

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on the negative aspects

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of the death of the cross, of mere physical suffering,

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and pain, and death,

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but uppermost in the mind

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of the Christian mentality, from the very beginning,

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was the cross' saving role

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in the divine plan

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of God, our Father.

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And it's Christ, through his passion,

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was a triumphant victor over death and sin,

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so the cross, the means of suffering,

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became the source of life.

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And thus, it was looked upon as the throne

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and the standard of the king of glory.

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And so at Christ's moment of apparent greatest defeat,

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he attained his greatest victory.

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Now the ceremony, the Veneration of the Cross,

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it is a really ancient one.

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During the veneration, the readers will be reading

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the lamentations, which comes from an old Greek liturgy

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from the Eastern Church.

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And at the end of the lamentations,

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they will be reading a translation of the Pange Lingua,

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a very ancient Latin hymn from the Western Rite.

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And I think this symbolizes the unity of all Christians.

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No matter where we are, we are one.

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We are one in Christ Jesus, our Lord.

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At the Veneration of the Cross, when they hold the cross

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down at the bottom of the steps,

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some may care to remain in their pews,

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and quietly contemplate the death and victory of Christ.

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Others may care to come forward, and venerate it,

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in any way that their conscience dictates.

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Please feel free to do what you think is best.

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<v ->We worship you, Lord.</v>

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We venerate your cross.

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We pray to your resurrection.

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Through the cross, you brought joy to the world.

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<v ->May God be gracious and bless us.</v>

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And let his face shed his light upon us.

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<v ->We worship you, Lord.</v>

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We venerate your cross.

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We praise your resurrection.

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Through the cross, you brought joy to the world.

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My people, what have I done to you?

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How have I offended you?

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Answer me.

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<v ->I led you out of Egypt, from slavery to freedom.</v>

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But you led your savior to the cross.

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<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

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How have I offended you?

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Answer me.

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<v ->Holy is God.</v>

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<v ->Holy and strong.</v>

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<v ->Holy, immortal one, have mercy on us.</v>

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<v ->For 40 years, I led you safely through the desert.</v>

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I fed you with manna from heaven,

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and brought you to the land of plenty.

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But you led your savior to the cross.

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<v ->Holy is God.</v>

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<v ->Holy and strong.</v>

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<v ->Holy, immortal one, have mercy on us.</v>

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<v ->What more could I have done for you?</v>

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I planted you as my fairest wine,

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but you yielded only bitterness.

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When I was thirsty, you gave me vinegar to drink.

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And you pierced my side with a lancet.

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<v ->Holy is God.</v>

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<v ->Holy and strong.</v>

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<v ->Holy, immortal one, have mercy on us.</v>

262
00:44:06.410 --> 00:44:08.700
For your sake, I scourged your captors

263
00:44:08.700 --> 00:44:10.900
and their first-born sons.

264
00:44:10.900 --> 00:44:13.453
But you brought your scourges down upon me.

265
00:44:14.410 --> 00:44:17.920
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

266
00:44:17.920 --> 00:44:19.513
How have I offended you?

267
00:44:20.370 --> 00:44:21.203
Answer me.

268
00:44:22.290 --> 00:44:24.950
<v ->I led you from slavery to freedom.</v>

269
00:44:24.950 --> 00:44:27.770
And drowned your captors in the sea.

270
00:44:27.770 --> 00:44:30.253
But you handed me over to your high priests.

271
00:44:31.130 --> 00:44:34.230
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

272
00:44:34.230 --> 00:44:36.560
How have I offended you?

273
00:44:36.560 --> 00:44:37.393
Answer me.

274
00:44:38.290 --> 00:44:40.440
<v ->I opened the sea before you,</v>

275
00:44:40.440 --> 00:44:42.833
but you opened my side with a spear.

276
00:44:43.890 --> 00:44:47.480
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

277
00:44:47.480 --> 00:44:49.870
How have I offended you?

278
00:44:49.870 --> 00:44:50.733
Answer me.

279
00:44:51.690 --> 00:44:54.920
<v ->I led you on your way, in a pillar of cloud,</v>

280
00:44:54.920 --> 00:44:56.823
but you led me to Pilate's court.

281
00:44:58.060 --> 00:45:01.510
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

282
00:45:01.510 --> 00:45:03.920
How have I offended you?

283
00:45:03.920 --> 00:45:05.500
Answer me.

284
00:45:05.500 --> 00:45:08.040
<v ->I bore you up with manna in the desert,</v>

285
00:45:08.040 --> 00:45:10.403
but you struck me down and scourged me.

286
00:45:11.440 --> 00:45:14.810
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

287
00:45:14.810 --> 00:45:16.990
How have I offended you?

288
00:45:16.990 --> 00:45:18.630
Answer me.

289
00:45:18.630 --> 00:45:21.140
<v ->I gave you saving water from the rock,</v>

290
00:45:21.140 --> 00:45:23.493
but you gave me gall and vinegar to drink.

291
00:45:24.530 --> 00:45:28.140
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

292
00:45:28.140 --> 00:45:30.510
How have I offended you?

293
00:45:30.510 --> 00:45:31.403
Answer me.

294
00:45:32.700 --> 00:45:35.700
<v ->For you, I struck down the kings of Canaan,</v>

295
00:45:35.700 --> 00:45:37.550
but you struck my hand with a wreath.

296
00:45:38.640 --> 00:45:42.160
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

297
00:45:42.160 --> 00:45:44.430
How have I offended you?

298
00:45:44.430 --> 00:45:45.960
Answer me.

299
00:45:45.960 --> 00:45:47.410
<v ->I gave you a royal scepter,</v>

300
00:45:48.330 --> 00:45:50.593
but you gave me a crown of thorns.

301
00:45:51.920 --> 00:45:55.840
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

302
00:45:55.840 --> 00:45:58.420
How have I offended you?

303
00:45:58.420 --> 00:46:00.080
Answer me.

304
00:46:00.080 --> 00:46:03.180
<v ->I raised you to the height of majesty,</v>

305
00:46:03.180 --> 00:46:05.393
but you raised me high on the cross.

306
00:46:06.610 --> 00:46:09.923
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

307
00:46:11.020 --> 00:46:13.610
How have I offended you?

308
00:46:13.610 --> 00:46:14.483
Answer me.

309
00:46:18.590 --> 00:46:21.460
<v ->Sing my tongue, the savior's glory.</v>

310
00:46:21.460 --> 00:46:24.400
Tell his triumph far and wide.

311
00:46:24.400 --> 00:46:28.570
Tell all the famous story of his body, crucified,

312
00:46:28.570 --> 00:46:33.083
how upon the cross, the victim, vanquishing in death, died.

313
00:46:34.790 --> 00:46:39.790
<v ->Eating of a tree, forbidden, man had sunk in sanken snare,</v>

314
00:46:40.210 --> 00:46:43.633
When our pitying creator did a second tree prepare.

315
00:46:44.620 --> 00:46:49.363
Destined, many ages later, that first evil to repair.

316
00:46:50.440 --> 00:46:52.640
<v ->Such the order God appointed,</v>

317
00:46:52.640 --> 00:46:54.890
when for sin he would atone.

318
00:46:54.890 --> 00:46:58.030
To the serpent, thus supposing schemes yet deeper

319
00:46:58.030 --> 00:46:59.550
than his own.

320
00:46:59.550 --> 00:47:03.623
Thence the remedy for curing, when the fatal wound had come.

321
00:47:05.410 --> 00:47:09.320
<v ->So when now, at length, the fullness of the sacred time</v>

322
00:47:09.320 --> 00:47:13.600
drew near, then the son, the world's creator,

323
00:47:13.600 --> 00:47:16.670
left his father's throne, on high.

324
00:47:16.670 --> 00:47:18.990
From a virgin's womb appearing,

325
00:47:18.990 --> 00:47:20.673
clothed in our mortality.

326
00:47:22.030 --> 00:47:26.952
<v ->All within a lowly manger, low a tender baby lies,</v>

327
00:47:26.952 --> 00:47:28.700
seeing his gentle virgin mother,

328
00:47:28.700 --> 00:47:31.470
lull to sleep his infant cries

329
00:47:31.470 --> 00:47:33.810
while the limbs of God incarnate,

330
00:47:33.810 --> 00:47:36.393
round with swathes of band she ties.

331
00:47:37.510 --> 00:47:39.910
<v ->Thus did Christ to perfect manhood,</v>

332
00:47:39.910 --> 00:47:41.953
in our mortal flesh attain.

333
00:47:43.850 --> 00:47:48.563
Then of his free choice he goeth, to a death of bitter pain.

334
00:47:49.430 --> 00:47:52.410
And as a lamb, upon the altar of the cross,

335
00:47:52.410 --> 00:47:53.943
for us, is slain.

336
00:47:55.390 --> 00:47:57.890
<v ->Low, with gall, his thirst, he quenches.</v>

337
00:47:57.890 --> 00:48:00.290
See the thorns upon his brow.

338
00:48:00.290 --> 00:48:02.520
Nails his tender flesh arrending.

339
00:48:02.520 --> 00:48:05.060
See his side is opened now,

340
00:48:05.060 --> 00:48:07.480
whence to cleanse the whole creation,

341
00:48:07.480 --> 00:48:09.653
streams of blood and water flow.

342
00:48:10.740 --> 00:48:13.360
<v ->Lofty tree, bend down thy branches</v>

343
00:48:13.360 --> 00:48:16.170
to embrace thy sacred load.

344
00:48:16.170 --> 00:48:20.203
Oh, relax the native tension of that all too rigid wood.

345
00:48:21.230 --> 00:48:26.230
Gently, gently, bear the members of thy dying king and God.

346
00:48:27.470 --> 00:48:30.160
<v ->Tree which solely was found worthy</v>

347
00:48:30.160 --> 00:48:33.560
to world's great victim to sustain.

348
00:48:33.560 --> 00:48:35.800
Harbor from the raging tempest,

349
00:48:35.800 --> 00:48:38.380
art that saved the world again.

350
00:48:38.380 --> 00:48:41.630
Tree with sacred blood anointed, of the lamb,

351
00:48:41.630 --> 00:48:42.903
for sinners slain.

352
00:48:44.180 --> 00:48:48.083
<v ->Blessing, honor, everlasting, to the immortal deity.</v>

353
00:48:48.930 --> 00:48:53.313
To the father, son and spirit, equal praises ever be.

354
00:48:54.230 --> 00:48:59.163
Glory to the earth and heaven, to trinity and unity, amen.

355
00:49:09.200 --> 00:49:11.510
<v ->We worship you, Lord.</v>

356
00:49:11.510 --> 00:49:14.010
We venerate your cross.

357
00:49:14.010 --> 00:49:15.410
We praise your resurrection.

358
00:49:17.080 --> 00:49:20.463
Through the cross, you brought joy to the world.

359
00:49:21.990 --> 00:49:24.110
<v ->May God be gracious and bless us.</v>

360
00:49:24.110 --> 00:49:26.863
And let his face shed light upon us.

361
00:49:28.290 --> 00:49:30.370
<v ->We worship you, Lord.</v>

362
00:49:30.370 --> 00:49:32.700
We venerate your cross.

363
00:49:32.700 --> 00:49:34.653
We praise your resurrection.

364
00:49:35.560 --> 00:49:39.123
Through the cross, you brought joy to the world.

365
00:49:41.250 --> 00:49:44.313
My people, what have I done to you?

366
00:49:45.150 --> 00:49:47.770
How have I offended you?

367
00:49:47.770 --> 00:49:48.863
Answer me.

368
00:49:50.570 --> 00:49:52.700
<v ->I led you forth out of Egypt,</v>

369
00:49:52.700 --> 00:49:54.363
from slavery to freedom.

370
00:49:55.540 --> 00:49:57.563
You led your savior to the cross.

371
00:49:58.430 --> 00:50:02.150
<v ->My people, what have I done to you?</v>

372
00:50:02.150 --> 00:50:04.560
How have I offended you?

373
00:50:04.560 --> 00:50:05.423
Answer me.

374
00:50:07.080 --> 00:50:09.050
<v ->Holy is God.</v>

375
00:50:09.050 --> 00:50:11.310
<v ->Holy and strong.</v>

376
00:50:11.310 --> 00:50:14.503
<v ->Holy immortal one, have mercy on us.</v>

377
00:50:16.300 --> 00:50:19.793
<v ->For 40 years, I led you safely through the desert,</v>

378
00:50:20.810 --> 00:50:23.400
I fed you with manna from heaven,

379
00:50:23.400 --> 00:50:25.563
and brought you to the land of plenty.

380
00:50:26.440 --> 00:50:29.083
But you led your savior to the cross.

381
00:50:30.880 --> 00:50:32.780
<v ->Holy is god.</v>

382
00:50:32.780 --> 00:50:35.180
<v ->Holy and strong,</v>

383
00:50:35.180 --> 00:50:38.293
<v ->Holy immortal one, have mercy on us.</v>

384
00:50:40.540 --> 00:50:42.873
<v ->What more could I have done for you?</v>

385
00:50:43.740 --> 00:50:46.960
I planted you as my fairest wine,

386
00:50:46.960 --> 00:50:49.343
but you yielded only bitterness.

387
00:50:50.350 --> 00:50:54.610
When I was thirsty, you gave me vinegar to drink.

388
00:50:54.610 --> 00:50:58.033
And you pierced yours savior's side with a lance.

389
00:50:59.610 --> 00:51:01.500
<v ->Holy is God.</v>

390
00:51:01.500 --> 00:51:03.063
<v ->Holy and strong.</v>

391
00:51:03.900 --> 00:51:08.223
<v ->Holy, immortal one, have mercy on us.</v>

392
00:51:31.910 --> 00:51:34.053
<v ->Blessed be the lord by day.</v>

393
00:51:35.310 --> 00:51:37.443
Blessed be the lord by night.

394
00:51:38.810 --> 00:51:41.323
Blessed be lord when we lie down.

395
00:51:42.650 --> 00:51:45.203
Blessed be the lord when we rise up,

396
00:51:46.890 --> 00:51:49.980
for in thine hand our the souls of the living

397
00:51:49.980 --> 00:51:50.993
and the dead.

398
00:51:51.870 --> 00:51:55.750
And whose hand is the soul of every living thing,

399
00:51:55.750 --> 00:51:57.763
and the breath of all flesh?

400
00:51:58.750 --> 00:52:02.940
Into thy hand, I trust thy spirit.

401
00:52:02.940 --> 00:52:06.763
Thou hast redeemed me, oh lord, God of truth.

402
00:52:08.020 --> 00:52:12.120
Oh God, reveal unto us thy oneness.

403
00:52:12.120 --> 00:52:16.983
And establish thy kingdom and reign over us, forever, amen,

404
00:52:18.760 --> 00:52:21.193
Please rise to receive the benediction.

405
00:52:27.470 --> 00:52:32.470
And now, may the lord send down blessings upon us.

406
00:52:32.530 --> 00:52:35.880
People who have recalled the death of his son

407
00:52:36.810 --> 00:52:39.573
in the surety and hope of the resurrection.

408
00:52:41.130 --> 00:52:44.683
And may God grant us pardon and bring us comfort.

409
00:52:45.900 --> 00:52:48.320
May our faith grow stronger,

410
00:52:48.320 --> 00:52:53.040
and our salvation be assured, in the name of God,

411
00:52:53.040 --> 00:52:57.153
creator, son and holy spirit, amen.

